A question about a particle's de Broglie wavelength

In summary, for electron scattering experiments measuring nuclear charge radius, it is necessary for the wavelength size of the scattering particles to be similar to the nuclear dimensions. This is due to the fact that a larger wavepacket decreases the chances of striking and getting scattered by the nucleus, while a smaller wavepacket greatly increases the probability of a successful scattering. This principle applies to all wave-like phenomena, including laser light and radio waves. The resolution of a microscope and radar are both limited by the wavelength of the waves they use.
  • #1
weezy
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For electron scattering experiment which measures charge radius of the nucleus, it's said that energies of scattering electrons (or protons) must be such that their wavelength size is of the same order as nuclear dimensions. While i understand why this must be true I'm not entirely sure. My understanding is that when the de Broglie wavelength is larger than the nucleus the wave packet is more spread out in space and thus chances of striking and getting scattered by the nucleus is greatly reduced. This should happen because with a larger wavepacket the probability of finding the electron right where the nucleus is located when the wavepacket passes through or engulfs the nucleus decreases with increase in the wave packet size and since probability current density is conserved, the chances of hitting the nucleus diminishes. With a smaller comparable sized wavepacket we can say almost with 100% guarantee that the electron must be somewhere in the wave packet which totally fits the nucleus this time and hence the scattering occurs. I'm not sure if this is the case hence I'm seeking for clarification. Thanks.
 
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  • #2
weezy said:
For electron scattering experiment which measures charge radius of the nucleus, it's said that energies of scattering electrons (or protons) must be such that their wavelength size is of the same order as nuclear dimensions.
This is common to all wave like phenomena. Laser light and radio waves are the same phenomena, electromagnetic waves. The best resolution of a microscope is determined by the wavelength of light (and other practical considerations). Radar's resolution is limited to some fraction of the wavelength which is measured in feet.
 

1. What is a particle's de Broglie wavelength?

A particle's de Broglie wavelength refers to the wavelength associated with a particle's wave-like properties. It was first proposed by Louis de Broglie in his theory of wave-particle duality, which states that all particles have both wave-like and particle-like properties.

2. How is a particle's de Broglie wavelength calculated?

The de Broglie wavelength of a particle can be calculated using the equation λ = h/mv, where λ is the wavelength, h is Planck's constant, m is the mass of the particle, and v is its velocity. This equation is derived from the de Broglie hypothesis.

3. What is the significance of a particle's de Broglie wavelength?

The de Broglie wavelength is significant because it helps us understand the dual nature of particles and how they behave both as waves and particles. It also has practical applications in fields such as quantum mechanics, where it is used to describe the behavior of subatomic particles.

4. Can the de Broglie wavelength be observed in experiments?

Yes, the de Broglie wavelength has been observed in numerous experiments, including the famous double-slit experiment. In this experiment, electrons were diffracted like waves, confirming the wave-like nature of particles.

5. Does the de Broglie wavelength only apply to subatomic particles?

No, the de Broglie wavelength can apply to any particle, regardless of its size or mass. However, the effects of wave-particle duality are more significant for smaller particles, such as electrons, compared to larger objects like humans.

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