Acceleration function of velocity example

In summary, the conversation discusses the acceleration of a bicyclist coasting down a slight hill, represented by the equation (v) = a - cv, where a and c are constants. The homework task is to determine the velocity of the bicyclist as a function of distance, given that the velocity is zero when x=0, and to find the maximum velocity attained. The solution involves using the equations dx/dt = v and dv/dt = a-cv to derive the equations x = -v/c - (a/c^2)*ln(a-cv)/a, v = (a - ae^-ct)/c, and t = -(cx + v)/a = -(1/c)*ln(a-cv)/a.
  • #1
renn12
2
0

Homework Statement



Because the drag on objects moving through air increases as the square
of the velocity, the acceleration of a bicyclist coasting down a slight hill
is (v) = a - cv where a and c are constant. Determine the velocity of
the bicyclist as a function of distance if the velocity is zero when x=0.
Also determine the maximum velocity that the cyclist attains.

Homework Equations


dx/dt = v
dv/dt = a-cv

The Attempt at a Solution


x = -v/c - (a/c^2)*ln(a-cv)/a
v = (a - ae^-ct)/c
t = -(cx + v)/a = -(1/c)*ln(a-cv)/a
 
Last edited:
Physics news on Phys.org
  • #2
"...the acceleration of a bicyclist coasting down a slight hill
is (v) = a - cv where a and c are constant."

Shouldn't the v on LHS be dv/dt?

Hint for v as a function of distance:

V = dx/dt = (dx/dv)*(dv/dt) = (dx/dv)*(a - c*V)

Maximum velocity occurs when acceleration is zero. which is what your second equation shows for large t.
 

What is the definition of an acceleration function?

An acceleration function is a mathematical function that describes the rate at which an object's velocity changes over time. It is typically denoted as a(t) and is measured in units of distance per time squared (such as meters per second squared).

How is an acceleration function related to velocity?

An acceleration function is the derivative of the velocity function. In other words, it is the rate at which the velocity is changing. This means that the value of the acceleration function at a specific time represents the acceleration at that time, or how much the velocity is changing at that moment.

Can you give an example of an acceleration function of velocity?

One example of an acceleration function of velocity is a(t) = 3t, where t is time in seconds. This means that the acceleration is increasing by 3 meters per second squared every second. For example, if the initial velocity is 10 m/s, after 1 second it will be 13 m/s, after 2 seconds it will be 16 m/s, and so on.

What is the difference between average acceleration and instantaneous acceleration?

Average acceleration is the total change in velocity over a given time interval, while instantaneous acceleration is the acceleration at a specific moment in time. Average acceleration can be calculated by dividing the change in velocity by the change in time, while instantaneous acceleration can be found by taking the derivative of the velocity function at a specific time.

How is an acceleration function used in real life?

Acceleration functions are used in many real-life applications, such as in the design of roller coasters, cars, and airplanes. They are also used in physics and engineering to model the motion of objects and predict their behavior under different conditions. In sports, acceleration functions can be used to analyze the performance of athletes and improve their training techniques.

Similar threads

  • Introductory Physics Homework Help
2
Replies
69
Views
4K
  • Introductory Physics Homework Help
Replies
6
Views
968
  • Introductory Physics Homework Help
Replies
3
Views
854
  • Introductory Physics Homework Help
Replies
11
Views
984
  • Introductory Physics Homework Help
Replies
3
Views
814
  • Introductory Physics Homework Help
Replies
7
Views
1K
  • Introductory Physics Homework Help
Replies
3
Views
866
  • Introductory Physics Homework Help
Replies
1
Views
3K
  • Introductory Physics Homework Help
Replies
4
Views
2K
  • Introductory Physics Homework Help
Replies
4
Views
3K
Back
Top