Any way to figure out what this finite geometric series sums to?

jdinatale
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I would like to find a nice formula for \sum_{k=0}^{n - 1}ar^{4k}. I know that \sum_{k=0}^{n - 1}ar^{k} = a\frac{1 - r^n}{1 - r} and was wondering if there was some sort of analogue.
 
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Use the formula with r^4 instead of r.
 
micromass said:
Use the formula with r^4 instead of r.

Thank you micromass for your help. Wow that was really simple.
 
There are two things I don't understand about this problem. First, when finding the nth root of a number, there should in theory be n solutions. However, the formula produces n+1 roots. Here is how. The first root is simply ##\left(r\right)^{\left(\frac{1}{n}\right)}##. Then you multiply this first root by n additional expressions given by the formula, as you go through k=0,1,...n-1. So you end up with n+1 roots, which cannot be correct. Let me illustrate what I mean. For this...
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