Atom rubbing sounds differ between materials like wood and glass due to variations in atomic structure and vibration patterns. Sound is essentially mechanical vibrations transmitted through air, which are interpreted by the brain when they reach the eardrums. In a vacuum, sound cannot be heard because there are no air molecules to carry the vibrations. The medium through which sound travels, such as air or water, also affects how sounds are perceived due to differences in sound speed. Ultimately, scratching different materials produces distinct sounds because of the unique ways their surfaces interact and vibrate.