Calculate Ohmic Resistance of Bipolar Junction Transistor

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around calculating the ohmic resistance of a bipolar junction transistor (BJT) from its forward I-V characteristics, specifically focusing on the pn junctions (Base-Emitter or Base-Collector). Participants explore the nature of resistance in non-linear devices and how it can be defined or approximated under certain conditions.

Discussion Character

  • Technical explanation
  • Conceptual clarification
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants assert that a non-linear device like a pn junction does not have "ohmic resistance" by definition, suggesting instead the use of static or dynamic/differential resistance, which varies with the DC operating point.
  • Others propose that the I-V curve may be approximately linear within certain operating ranges, allowing for a simplified resistor model for calculations.
  • One participant explains that the slope of the V-I curve at any point can be considered a resistance, but emphasizes that this resistance changes at different points on the curve.
  • Another participant mentions that drawing a straight line between two points on the V-I curve can yield an average resistance for that region, but notes that this is not a constant value.
  • There is a suggestion to measure the voltage drop across the junction while passing a small current and plotting the results to identify the ohmic resistance, with caution regarding temperature effects and current levels.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the definition and calculation of ohmic resistance in non-linear devices, with no consensus reached on a single approach or definition.

Contextual Notes

Participants highlight the dependence of resistance definitions on the chosen operating point and the non-constant nature of resistance in non-linear devices, indicating that assumptions about linearity may not hold across all conditions.

Faisal Moshiur
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How am I supposed to calculate ohmic resistance from a non-linear electronic device component?
Say, for example, I need to calculate ohmic resistance of a pn junction of bipolar junction transistor from its forward I-V characteristics curves. (It can be either Base-Emitter junction or Base-collector junction.)
 
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A non-linear device (like a pn junction) has no "ohmic resistance" per definition.
For such a non-linear V-I characteristic we can define only (a) a static resistance or (b) a dynamic/differential resistance.
Both resistances depend (vary) on (with) the corresponding DC operating point (Q point).
 
I am not sure exactly what you are asking. Perhaps the curve is fairly linear during certain operating ranges, therefore it could be approximated as a resistor for certain calculations.
 
It depends on your definition. The slope of the V-I curve at any point is a resistance. But the resistance changes for every different point on the curve.

Similarly, pick any two points on the V-I curve, draw a straight line between them. The slope of the line is the average resistance in that region.

That may not be useful, but it is one way to define it.

If that is not what you mean, then tell us how you want to define ohmic resistance.
 
anorlunda said:
It depends on your definition. The slope of the V-I curve at any point is a resistance. But the resistance changes for every different point on the curve.
.
Yes - that´s what we call differential resistance r=dV/dI..[/QUOTE]
More than that, pick any point on the V-I curve and draw a straight line between this point and the origin.
This gives you the static resistance R=Vo/Io (but it is not an "ohmic resistor" because this value depends on the selected point Vo,Io- the value R is not a constant as required for an ohmic characteristic).
 
Faisal Moshiur said:
How am I supposed to calculate ohmic resistance from a non-linear electronic device component?
Pass a small current such as 10 uA through the forward biassed PN junction. Measure the voltage drop across the junction, plotting the voltage across the junction against the Log10 of the current as you go. Increase the current in steps to 100 uA, 1 mA, 10 mA … At the start you should get a straight line, but at higher currents the measured voltage will begin rise faster than the extrapolated straight line. That extra voltage above the straight line is due to the ohmic resistance of the junction. You know the current flowing, and you know the extra voltage above the straight line, ohms law will then give you the ohmic resistance.
Keep the junction at a stable temperature. Apply higher currents for shorter periods and watch out for heating effects which will change the junction voltage.
 
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