Calculating Acceleration and Tension in a Pulley System

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the acceleration and tension in a pulley system involving two masses, m1 and m2, connected by a massless string over a frictionless pulley with mass mp. The correct formula for acceleration is established as a = m2g / (m1 + m2 + 0.5mp), which incorporates the mass of the pulley. The tensions in the string segments are derived from the forces acting on both masses and the moment of inertia of the pulley. Participants emphasize the importance of free body diagrams and the relationship between angular and tangential acceleration in solving the problem.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Newton's laws of motion
  • Knowledge of free body diagrams
  • Familiarity with rotational dynamics and moment of inertia
  • Basic algebra for solving equations
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  • Study the derivation of the moment of inertia for different shapes, particularly cylinders
  • Learn about the relationship between linear and angular acceleration in rotational systems
  • Explore advanced pulley systems and their applications in physics
  • Practice solving problems involving multiple masses and tension in strings
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dtesselstrom
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Blocks of mass m1 and m2 are connected by a massless string that passes over the pulley in the figure. The pulley turns on frictionless bearings, and mass m1 slides on a horizontal, frictionless surface. Mass m2 is released while the blocks are at rest.
Suppose the pulley has mass mp and radius R. Find the acceleration of m1.
Find the tension in the upper portion of the string.
Find the tension in the lower portions of the string.
Ive tried R*g*m2/(1/2*mp*r^2)*R and it said it needs mass1 in the problem but I couldn't figure out where it is needed
 

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Draw three free body diagrams. One for mass on table. One for hanging mass. One for wheel. You need the moment of inertia of the wheel (looks like you have it) and the torque on the wheel,which comes from the two tensions in the string (not the weights of the masses). The acceleration of both masses and the tangential acceleration of the rim of the wheel have the same magnitude. Relate the angular acceleration of the wheel to the tangential acceleration of its rim.
 
Ive already drawn out the free body diagrams and in class our teacher told us that this problem is solved with a=-m2*g/(1/2mp+m1+m2) but it told me that was wrong too
so the equations I have are T2-m2*g=m2*a for m2 T1=m2\1*a for m1 and 1/2mpR^2*angular acc.=RT1-RT2
 
Last edited:
I calculated a new answer
a=2m2*g/(m1+m2) can anyone verify if that is correct because I only have one more guess to get the answer right.
 
dtesselstrom said:
I calculated a new answer
a=2m2*g/(m1+m2) can anyone verify if that is correct because I only have one more guess to get the answer right.
There has to be an mp in the answer for the acceleration. This cannot be right.
 
the correct answer is m2g/(m1+m2+.5mp)
 
The book claims the answer is that all the magnitudes are the same because "the gravitational force on the penguin is the same". I'm having trouble understanding this. I thought the buoyant force was equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Weight depends on mass which depends on density. Therefore, due to the differing densities the buoyant force will be different in each case? Is this incorrect?

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