Calculating Acidic Strength of Concentrated Nitric Acid

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Acidic strength is directly related to the formation of hydronium ions in solution, with the strength defined by the activity of hydrogen ions. In aqueous systems, all acids produce hydronium ions of equivalent strength, while in non-aqueous systems, the stability of the anion and the proton's stabilization in solution influence acidic strength. The stability of the anion formed by an acid is typically linked to its acidity; more acidic solutions lead to more stable anions, as complete dissociation enhances stability. For concentrated nitric acid, its strength can be calculated using molarity or expressed in terms of activity, which involves multiplying molality by the activity coefficient. Most concentrated nitric acid is available as a 70% solution in water, with higher concentrations also obtainable.
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acidic strength is directly proportional or indirectly proportional to hydration energy ??

and

how to find that anion formed by aicd is stable or not??

Thanks!
 
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What do you mean by "hydration energy"?

Acidic strength is proportional to the amount of hydronium ion formed by a given amount of the acid. It is also defined as the activity (rather than the amount) of the hydrogen ion. All acids that form in an aqueous system can only produce an acid of the same strength as hydronium ion. In non-aqueous systems, the nature of the anion and the nature of the stabilization of the proton in solution determine the strength of the acid. Search "Olah, acids, superacids" for more detail.

The stability of the anion formed by the acid is usually determined by the acidity itself! The more acidic... the more stable. The more completely dissociated... the more stable.
 
So how about concentrated nitric acid? How do we calculate its acidic strength?
 
pixel01 said:
So how about concentrated nitric acid? How do we calculate its acidic strength?

Strength as a function of concentration is done in the usual way... molarity of nitric acid. Strength expressed as an activity (appropriate for pH) is molality multiplied by the activity coefficient.

Most concentrated nitric acid is sold as 70% solution in water although concentrations of greater than 90% can be obtained as well.
 
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