Calculating Effective Mass: Expressing as a Fraction of Electron Rest Mass

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Discussion Overview

The discussion focuses on calculating the effective mass of an electron in a crystal, specifically within the first Brillouin zone, and expressing this effective mass as a fraction of the electron's rest mass. The context involves theoretical considerations related to solid-state physics and the behavior of electrons in a periodic potential.

Discussion Character

  • Technical explanation
  • Mathematical reasoning

Main Points Raised

  • One participant presents a formula for effective mass based on the energy dispersion relation ##E(k)=Ak^2+Bk^4## and Newton's second law, leading to the expression ##m^* = \frac{\hbar^2}{2A+12B (\frac{\pi}{a})^2}##.
  • Another participant suggests that to express the effective mass as a fraction of the electron rest mass, one should divide by ##m_e##, resulting in ##m^*/m_e##.
  • A third participant confirms that the effective mass can be expressed in this way, indicating that the denominator should include ##m_0##, the rest mass of the electron.
  • A later reply reiterates the expression for effective mass as a fraction of the electron rest mass, but questions whether the notation should be ##m^*/m_e## on the left-hand side of the equation.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants generally agree on the method to express effective mass as a fraction of the electron rest mass, but there is some uncertainty regarding the notation and clarity of the expressions used.

Contextual Notes

The discussion does not provide numerical values for parameters ##A, B,## or ##a##, which may limit the ability to compute specific values for effective mass.

roam
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I am trying to find the effective mass of the electron within the first Brillouin zone in a particular direction in a crystal where the energy of the electron varies with some wave vector ##E(k)=Ak^2+Bk^4##. But I need to express this as a fraction of the electron rest mass.

I know that the effective mass (from Newton's 2nd law) is given by:

##m^* = \frac{\hbar^2}{d^2E/dk^2}##​

At the first Brillouin zone boundary we have ##k =\pi / a##. Also the second derivative of the E(k) is ##\frac{d^2E}{dk^2}=2A+12Bk^2##.

Substituting these in I think the effective mass is:

##m^* = \frac{\hbar^2}{2A+12B (\frac{\pi}{a})^2}##​

Now, how does one express this as a fraction of the electron rest mass m (511 KeV)? :confused:

Any suggestion or correction is appreciated.
 
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The obvious answer is to divide by ##m_e## so that you have an expression for ##m_*/m_e##. This doesn't make too much sense unless you've been given numerical values for ##A,B,a## though.
 
Yup, you're done if that's all the information provided. Put m_0 in the denominator.
 
Thank you very much for your inputs. Here is what I've got then for effective mass as a fraction of the electron rest mass:

##m^* = \frac{\hbar^2}{(2A+12B (\pi /a)^2) m_e}##
 
Last edited:
roam said:
Thank you very much for your inputs. Here is what I've got then for effective mass as a fraction of the electron rest mass:

##m^* = \frac{\hbar^2}{(2A+12B (\pi /a)^2) m_e}##

Don't you mean m*/m_e for the LHS of the equation?

Zz.
 

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