Calculating Time Constant and Voltage Decay in a Parallel Circuit

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the time constant and voltage decay in a parallel circuit consisting of two 500μF capacitors connected to a 100kΩ resistor, charged by a 1000V D.C. supply. The time constant is confirmed to be 100 seconds, calculated using the formula τ = RC. The voltage decay to 630 volts occurs at approximately 99.43 seconds, utilizing the equation V = Vmax(e^(-t/RC)). The current through the resistor at t = 0 is 0.01 Amps, and at t = 5 seconds, it is 0.095 Amps, demonstrating the exponential decay of voltage and current in the circuit.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of parallel capacitor configurations
  • Knowledge of time constant calculations in RC circuits
  • Familiarity with exponential decay equations
  • Basic principles of current and voltage relationships in resistive circuits
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the effects of varying resistance on time constant in RC circuits
  • Learn about the behavior of capacitors in series and parallel configurations
  • Explore advanced applications of the exponential decay formula in electronics
  • Investigate the impact of different capacitor values on circuit performance
USEFUL FOR

Electrical engineers, physics students, and anyone involved in circuit design or analysis, particularly those focusing on capacitor behavior and time constant calculations in parallel circuits.

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Two 500μF capacitor are connected in parallel, and then to a 100kW (105W) resistor.
The capacitors are momentarily charged using a 1000V D.C. supply.
Find:

a) The time constant of the circuit.

b) The time “t” taken for the capacitor voltage to decay to 630 volts

c) The current in the resistor at t = 0 and t = 5 seconds


a)Is the time constant =RC=100s?

b)Do i use V=Vmax(e^(-t/RC))=99.43s?

c) do i use V=Vmax(e^(-t/RC)) again so for 0s its 0.01Amps and for 5s 0.095Amps?
 
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The circuit will decay exponentially. The time constant is the (negative) reciprocal of the decay constant:

exp(kt) = exp(-t/tau).

Let's see two 500muF caps in parallel equals a single 1000muF = 1mF cap. I take it you mean a 100kOhm resistor. dQ/dt = I = - V/R = - Q/CR. So k=-1/RC, tau = RC = 100 Ohm Farads. A Farad has units of seconds per Ohm so (a.) is correct!

Yes for (b.) and for (c.) yes you find the voltage and I = V/R (in magnitude). Looks like you got it.
 

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