Brain waves have distinct frequencies, measured in cycles per second, which relate to the brain's activity levels during different states, such as wakefulness and sleep. Higher frequency brain waves are associated with being awake, while lower frequencies occur during sleep. Various brainwave patterns, like delta waves, are identified through EEG and other neural signals. Recent research highlights the significance of analyzing these signals in the frequency domain, particularly in relation to attentional effects and conditions like schizophrenia. Local field potentials (LFP) are gaining attention for their correlation with fMRI responses, although most human electrophysiology data comes from epilepsy patients undergoing surgery, limiting broader research applications. Non-invasive methods for collecting LFP data in humans are currently unavailable, necessitating the use of animal models for such studies.
