Can electrons have kinetic energy at 0 Kelvin?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the behavior of electrons at absolute zero (0 Kelvin), specifically addressing whether they can possess kinetic energy in this state. The scope includes theoretical considerations and implications of quantum mechanics.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory, Conceptual clarification, Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant questions the state of electrons at 0 Kelvin, suggesting that while atomic motion ceases, electrons may still occupy non-localized states and thus have kinetic energy.
  • Another participant asserts that while atoms are in their ground state, they still possess energy, indicating that electrons can have kinetic energy at 0 Kelvin.
  • A further inquiry connects the potential kinetic energy of electrons at 0 Kelvin to the Heisenberg uncertainty principle.
  • Another participant agrees that the relationship to the Heisenberg uncertainty principle is relevant, though details are not fully explored.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the nature of atomic and electron behavior at 0 Kelvin, with some asserting that electrons can have kinetic energy while others challenge the completeness of this understanding. The discussion remains unresolved regarding the specifics of these claims.

Contextual Notes

There are limitations in the assumptions made about the nature of energy states at absolute zero, particularly regarding the definitions of ground state and kinetic energy in quantum mechanics.

Hyo X
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What happens to electrons at 0 Kelvin?
I know in theory all atomic motion stops (vibrational energy = 0),
and that the electrons occupy the lowest energy levels.
But it seems the electrons would have to still be orbiting or occupying non-localized states, and thus have kinetic energy? Can they have kinetic energy at 0 Kelvin?
 
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Hyo X said:
I know in theory all atomic motion stops (vibrational energy = 0),
That is not right. The atoms are in their ground state, in the lowest energy levels (but not zero), similar to the electrons.

Can they have kinetic energy at 0 Kelvin?
They can, and they have.
 
Hyo X said:
Can they have kinetic energy at 0 Kelvin?

mfb said:
They can, and they have.

Does this derive from the Heisenberg uncertainty principle?
 
It is related to that, right.
 

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