Expression of human maximal strength is a function of several factors. Notably
A. Structural factors
- cross sectional area of contractile elements of the muscle fiber
- proportions of myosin heavy chains of type I, IIa, IIx in the muscle
- potentially, the activity level of several enzimes (although this is much more important in
displaying, maximal power in a specific bio-energetic regime then in max-strength display)
B. Neural factors
- level of activation of motor cortex, CNS drive to motoneurons, neural strategy choose for requirement (strategy used for motor control, to explain it in a easy to get way, it basically means that all other factors being the same, you can display more strength in a
movement which is "learned" very well.
- number of motor units recruited, rate coding, syncronization
- intramuscular coordination (linked to motor control strategies, probably the most determinant neural factor which affects expression of strength
- decreased antagonist muscles co-activation
- level of inhibition provided by Golgi tendon organs
- bilateral deficit / bilateral facilitation in bilateral work (as for example curling a barbel with both hands as opposed curling 1 dumbbell with 1 arm at a time
Now, given those factors and the fact that strength is produced by the contractile elements in the muscle we can logically think that
a) there is a maximum torque about a joint a muscle of a certain cross-sectional area and with a certain MHC composition can produce. Theoretically it is produced when all fibers
are recruited at the same time, in perfect synchronization, at maximal rate coding.
b) an untrained human will be only able to display a certain percentage of this maximal theoretical strength in most movements. Poor motor control, poor muscular synchronization,
very high levels of inhibition from GTOs, poor motivation (most ppl I know would not be very motivated to put even a modest weight on their shoulders and try to squat with it. They must "learn" they came.
In a a life and death situation some things may/will change. The level of activation of motor cortex may become much more close to the one of a trained athlete. Motivation to survive / save a life is much more powerful than dragging your *** to gym and deadlift something) The brain may decide to use a neural strategy which it would not use normally. GTOs may be inhibited, preventing them to act as a safeguard against too much tension in the muscle.
The result is that the subject of this unfortunate event can now express a much higher percentage of strength than before, in rapport to the maximum theoretical strength his muscles are structurally capable of. More often than not (when neural "safeguards" are off) , this will also result in serious injuries to the musculo-skeletal system. So it's kinda one way
all bets are one a single number now.
So to answer the question of the thread. Superhuman strength ? No. Expression of strength levels way over what the untrained person can display usually ? Yes (btw, if someone pretends he lifted a tank , ignore him. ) So much for unexplained and mysticism.