Can Light Accelerate When Changing Direction?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion centers around the concept of whether light can accelerate when changing direction, particularly in relation to its behavior in different media and reference frames. Participants explore theoretical implications, thought experiments, and the nature of light's speed in various contexts.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Conceptual clarification
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants propose that light maintains a constant speed in a vacuum but question whether it can be considered to accelerate when changing direction, particularly through varying densities that create a Brachistochrone curve.
  • Others suggest that light can experience changes in speed when passing through a variable medium, such as the atmosphere, where the speed of light varies with altitude.
  • A few participants mention that in a rotating reference frame, light may appear to accelerate, challenging the notion of constant speed.
  • There is a discussion about coordinate acceleration and its implications for the constancy of light's speed.
  • A thought experiment involving a prism and its effect on the apparent weight of light is introduced, with a focus on momentum conservation.
  • Some participants reference the potential for measurable forces from light deflection in a prism, although specific experiments are not cited.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on whether light can be said to accelerate when changing direction, with no consensus reached on the implications of light's behavior in various media or reference frames.

Contextual Notes

The discussion includes assumptions about the nature of light's speed in different contexts and the effects of reference frames, which remain unresolved. The implications of coordinate acceleration are also noted but not fully explored.

Lunct
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I know that light is always at constant speed but does it ever accelerate when changing direction, if you put light through lots of different densities it curves into the Brachistochrone curve, would that be an instance of light acceleration.
 
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Lunct said:
I know that light is always at constant speed
In vacuum.
Lunct said:
but does it ever accelerate when changing direction, if you put light through lots of different densities it curves into the Brachistochrone curve, would that be an instance of light acceleration.
I guess you can call that acceleration, yes.

You can get a speed that changes continuously if you send it through a variable medium, e.g. through the atmosphere vertically (as the speed of light at sea level pressure is lower than the speed of light higher up).
 
Lunct said:
I know that light is always at constant speed but does it ever accelerate when changing direction, if you put light through lots of different densities it curves into the Brachistochrone curve, would that be an instance of light acceleration.
In a rotating reference frame light does accelerate in a vacuum
 
Dale said:
In a rotating reference frame light does accelerate in a vacuum
Coordinate acceleration ... You might as well say it does not have constant speed.
 
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Orodruin said:
Coordinate acceleration ... You might as well say it does not have constant speed.
Yes
 
Lunct said:
I know that light is always at constant speed but does it ever accelerate when changing direction, if you put light through lots of different densities it curves into the Brachistochrone curve, would that be an instance of light acceleration.

I recall someone posted a homework question that went something like...

A beam of light is bent by a prism mounted on sensitive weighing scales. Calculate the apparent change in weight when the light is turned on/off.
 
That's certainly a valid thought experiment. Momentum will be conserved.
 
With angular momentum, it is a real experiment (with a different focus, however).

The force from deflection in a prism should be measurable as well, but I'm not aware of specific experiments.
 

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