I consider S(S(0)) to be the definition of "2". As such, "1 + 1 = 2" unpacks as "S(0) + S(0) = S(S(0))". From the definition of addition, S(0) + S(0) is S(S(0) + 0). Also from the definition of addition, S(0) + 0 is S(0). Thus S(0) + S(0) = S(S(0)) and so 1 + 1 = 2.