Charged particle passing through velocity selector

In summary, a velocity selector uses both a magnetic field and an electric field to deflect charged particles in opposite directions. By setting the velocity of the particles to be equal to the ratio of the electric field and the magnetic field, the particles can pass through the selector undeflected. The concept behind this is that the two fields act in opposite directions to cancel out each other's effects on the particles, allowing them to pass through without any deflection.
  • #1
Les talons
28
0

Homework Statement



A velocity selector uses a 64mT magnetic field perpendicular to a 28kN/C electric field. At what speed will charged particles pass through the selector undeflected?

Homework Equations



v = E/B

The Attempt at a Solution


[/B]
Using dimensional analysis, I converted units T = kg/(s2 A), N = kg m/s2, and C = A s, and found
N/(C T) = kg m s2 A/(A s3 kg) = m/s
which would be v = E/B.
v = 28kN /(64C mT) = 4.375x105 m/s

My question is what is conceptually going on in this problem? Is the orientation of the magnetic field varying to deflect the particles?
 
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  • #2
No, the B and E fields are both non-time-varying and uniform, in magnitude and direction.

The mag field B deflects the charges one way and the E field deflects them the opposite way. For one speed of the charges there is zero net deflection.

Mag force = qv x B and E force is qE. So v = E/B if v and B are perpendicular.

(In general, v and B must not be collinear while the E field must be perpendicular to both. Dimensional analysis can get you the answer to within a constant dimensionless coefficient only. Your answer is correct if and only if v and B are perpendicular).
 

What is a charged particle?

A charged particle is an atom or molecule that has an electrical charge due to an unequal number of protons and electrons.

What is a velocity selector?

A velocity selector is a device used in particle accelerators and mass spectrometers to select particles with a specific velocity or energy.

How does a charged particle pass through a velocity selector?

A charged particle passes through a velocity selector due to the interaction between its electric charge and the electric and magnetic fields present in the selector. This interaction causes the particle to follow a curved path and exit the selector with a specific velocity or energy.

What is the purpose of a velocity selector?

The purpose of a velocity selector is to isolate and control the velocity or energy of charged particles in order to study their properties or manipulate them for practical use.

What factors affect the behavior of a charged particle passing through a velocity selector?

The behavior of a charged particle passing through a velocity selector can be affected by the strength and direction of the electric and magnetic fields, as well as the charge and mass of the particle.

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