Convergence of Sin: Does it Approach 1 or 1/2?

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The discussion centers on the convergence of the series defined by the terms \( f(n) = \sin^n\left(\frac{\pi}{4} + n\pi\right) \). Initial evaluations show that for \( n=0 \), \( f(n)=1 \); for \( n=1 \), \( f(n)=-\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2} \); and for \( n=2 \), \( f(n)=\frac{1}{2} \). The incorrect application of the geometric series formula \( \frac{a}{1-r} \) leads to confusion regarding convergence, as the ratio \( r \) is not within the valid range of \(-1 < r < 1\). The correct evaluation reveals that the series approaches 1, not 1/2, when the nth term is properly analyzed.

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Determine whether this converges. If so, what number?

http://texify.com/img/\LARGE\!\Sigma[/URL] _{0}^{ \infty } \sin^n (\frac{ \pi }{4} %2B n \pi).gif[/PLAIN]

When I start plugging in values, I get :
n= 0 f(n)=1
n=1 f(n)= -\sqrt{2}/2
n=2 f(n)= \sqrt{2}/2

Using the formula, a/(1-r), I substitute and get 1/(1+1)=1/2. But when i look at the values in the table, it seems to approach 1.

So does it approach 1 or 1/2 ?
 
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First, that formula for evaluating geometric series is only valid for -1 < r < 1, so your application to a ratio of -1 is incorrect.

Second, your evaluation of the term itself for n=2 is incorrect. It should be 1/2, so the sum is 1 - 1/sqrt(2) + 1/2 thus far.

Determine the form of the nth term first (with no sin involved). You should find that it leads to a familiar type of series.
 

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