Curve Sketching with Derivatives?

In summary, the conversation is about finding the critical points of a given function and classifying them using the second derivative. The first derivative was found to be f'(x)=\frac{2x^2-4x}{(x-1)^2}, which resulted in critical points at x=0, x=1, and x=2. The second derivative, f''(x)=\frac{-8x^2+12x-4}{(x-1)^4}, can be used to determine the concavity or convexity of the function and identify inflection points. A positive second derivative indicates a concave function, while a negative second derivative indicates a convex function. When the second derivative is zero, it
  • #1
Delber
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Homework Statement


I am given the following function:

[tex]f(x)=\frac{2x^2}{x-1}[/tex]

The question asks to find the critical points and classify each using the second derivative.

Homework Equations


The Attempt at a Solution


I got the derivative of f(x) to be:
[tex]f'(x)=\frac{2x^2-4x}{(x-1)^2}[/tex]
So the critical points are when x=0, x=1, and x=2.

Here's where I'm stuck. I don't know what it means when it asks to classify each using the second derivative.
If it helps, the second derivative is:

[tex] f''(x)=\frac{-8x^2+12x-4}{(x-1)^4}[/tex]
 
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  • #2
What it means is that you can use the second derivative to determine if there is either a local minimum or local maximum or asymptote. For example, if f'(x)=0 and f''(x) is positive, you know that there is a local minimum.
 
  • #3
Second derivative determines concavity or convexity of a function. A function whose second derivative is everywhere positive is increasing at an increasing rate. This makes it convex downward, or just concave. On the other hand, a negative second derivative indicates a convex upward. When the 2nd derivative is zero, this is an inflection point.
 

FAQ: Curve Sketching with Derivatives?

What is the purpose of curve sketching with derivatives?

The purpose of curve sketching with derivatives is to graphically represent the behavior of a function by analyzing its derivatives. This technique can help determine important characteristics of a function such as its critical points, local extrema, and inflection points.

What are the steps involved in curve sketching with derivatives?

The steps involved in curve sketching with derivatives are:

  • Find the domain of the function and determine its continuity
  • Find the first and second derivatives of the function
  • Set the first derivative equal to zero and solve for critical points
  • Use the second derivative test to identify local extrema and inflection points
  • Plot the points on a graph and connect them to create a curve

How are concavity and inflection points related in curve sketching with derivatives?

Concavity and inflection points are related because the concavity of a function changes at an inflection point. If the second derivative is positive, the function is concave up and if the second derivative is negative, the function is concave down. At an inflection point, the second derivative changes from positive to negative or vice versa.

What are the common mistakes to avoid in curve sketching with derivatives?

Some common mistakes to avoid in curve sketching with derivatives include:

  • Forgetting to check for critical points by setting the first derivative equal to zero
  • Not using the second derivative test to confirm the nature of a critical point
  • Incorrectly identifying points of inflection by assuming they are local extrema
  • Not paying attention to the domain of the function and missing important characteristics

How can curve sketching with derivatives be applied in real-life situations?

Curve sketching with derivatives has many real-life applications, such as in economics, physics, and engineering. For example, it can be used to analyze the production and cost functions in business, determine the maximum speed of a moving object in physics, or design the shape of a bridge in engineering.

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