Design of HID transformers: HPS and MH

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on the differences between high pressure sodium (HPS) and metal halide (MH) transformers, specifically regarding their ballasts. An HPS ballast includes an igniter to maintain the arc in the lamp, while an MH ballast does not. Some manufacturers produce switchable ballasts that can accommodate both types of bulbs by including or excluding the igniter as needed. The user questions the feasibility of using an MH core to operate HPS lamps and proposes a method for integrating an igniter into an MH ballast.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of HID (High-Intensity Discharge) lighting systems
  • Familiarity with electrical wiring and ballast operation
  • Knowledge of transformer design and functionality
  • Basic concepts of electrical schematics and circuit design
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the specifications of HPS and MH ballasts
  • Learn about the electrical characteristics of HID lamps
  • Explore the design and functionality of switchable ballasts
  • Investigate modifications for older MV streetlights to accommodate HPS and MH lamps
USEFUL FOR

Electrical engineers, lighting designers, and technicians involved in HID lighting applications and transformer design will benefit from this discussion.

stevenwright
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This is my first post, and I hope I've found the right area to pose my question. As background, I don't have very much experience with HID applications, though I have extensive experience with general electrical wiring and systems design.

My question is this:
The difference between a metal halide transformer and a high pressure sodium transformer is that an HPS 'ballast' has an igniter to keep the arch tube lit, while a MH does not. Some manufacturers sell ballasts that can handle both types of bulbs, and have a switch which drops the igniter out of circuit for MH or includes it in circuit for HPS bulbs.

While there are slight differences between the electrical outputs of regular HPS and MH cores, they are not outside of the operational limits of either bulb. Thus the 'switchable' transformers.

What I don't understand is why a metal halide core can't be used to operate HPS lamps. Obviously, to run a MH lamp with an HPS ballast you take the igniter out of circuit. But where would you add an igniter in an MH ballast?

The schematics describe the igniter being attached between the "X3" wire and the lamp wire. I believe that simply attaching an igniter in line with the lamp wire on a MH will allow an HPS lamp to be operated. My theory being that the "X3" is simply an extension of the lamp wire.

Am I totally off base here? Can someone please help me with this question? Thank you very much, and I'm glad to have found such a wealth of information.
 

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stevenwright said:
What I don't understand is why a metal halide core can't be used to operate HPS lamps.
Maybe you can.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_street_lighting_in_the_United_States#Metal_halide said:
In response to the ban, some older MV streetlights will most likely be modified to use either high pressure sodium or metal halide lamps in the near future, because they are known to last longer than newer luminaires. In some areas where the MV lights are either failing or being replaced, they are being replaced by either HPS, LED, or Induction fixtures of similar lumen output, but also lower wattages and power consumption as well.
 

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