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whoever could give a detailed explanation? 
Difference between toughness and strength?
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In summary, strength refers to a material's resistance to deformation, and it is described by a linear function in the Elastic region of the stress-strain relationship. Beyond the yield point, the relationship departs from linear and the material yields, causing permanent or inelastic and plastic deformation. Toughness is the resistance to failure or crack propagation, and it is related to the amount of energy absorbed in order to propagate a crack. Good structural alloys are both strong and tough.
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Astronuc
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Strength refers to resistance to deformation, and also to a large elastic range. In the Elastic region of the stress-strain relationship, the relationship is described by a linear function, such that [itex]\sigma[/itex] = E [itex]\epsilon[/itex], where [itex]\sigma[/itex] is the stress, E is the Elastic modulus, and [itex]\epsilon[/itex] is the strain.
At a point called the yield point, the relationship between stress and strain depart from linear, and the material yields meaning that permanent or inelastic and plastic deformation occur.
Beyond the yield point or yield strength, less stress is required for a given amount of strain (deformation). This proceeds up to the ultimate tensile strength, which is where uniform elongation is measured. At this point, a tensile specimen begins to 'neck', i.e. the change in cross-section becomes non-uniform. Also, beyond the ultimate tensile strength, the strain increases without additional stress. If the load is not immediately removed, the material will strain to failure.
Toughness is the resistance to failure or crack propagation. It is somewhat related to strength. Very strong materials will have low toughness, i.e. low tolerance for flaws or defects, i.e. incipient cracks.
Toughness relates to the amount of energy absorbed in order to propagate a crack. Materials with high toughness require greater energy (by virtue of force or stress) to maintain crack propagation. Toughness is described in terms of a stress intensity factor (K) or J-integral, or the strain energy release rate of nonlinear elastic materials, (J).
See - http://www.efunda.com/formulae/solid_mechanics/fracture_mechanics/fm_epfm_J.cfm - for more on J-integral.
At a point called the yield point, the relationship between stress and strain depart from linear, and the material yields meaning that permanent or inelastic and plastic deformation occur.
Beyond the yield point or yield strength, less stress is required for a given amount of strain (deformation). This proceeds up to the ultimate tensile strength, which is where uniform elongation is measured. At this point, a tensile specimen begins to 'neck', i.e. the change in cross-section becomes non-uniform. Also, beyond the ultimate tensile strength, the strain increases without additional stress. If the load is not immediately removed, the material will strain to failure.
Toughness is the resistance to failure or crack propagation. It is somewhat related to strength. Very strong materials will have low toughness, i.e. low tolerance for flaws or defects, i.e. incipient cracks.
Toughness relates to the amount of energy absorbed in order to propagate a crack. Materials with high toughness require greater energy (by virtue of force or stress) to maintain crack propagation. Toughness is described in terms of a stress intensity factor (K) or J-integral, or the strain energy release rate of nonlinear elastic materials, (J).
See - http://www.efunda.com/formulae/solid_mechanics/fracture_mechanics/fm_epfm_J.cfm - for more on J-integral.
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Thank you Astronuc. Much helpful.
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bullet said:whoever could give a detailed explanation?
Picture the stress-strain curve for an elastic-plastic metal. Strength is how high the curve reaches on the stress axis. Toughness is the area under the curve (and so related to energy).
A good structural alloy is both strong and tough.
What is the difference between toughness and strength?
Toughness and strength are two important mechanical properties that describe the behavior of a material under external forces. While they are often used interchangeably, there are distinct differences between the two.
How is toughness defined?
Toughness is a measure of a material's ability to withstand crack propagation or deformation before breaking. It is often described as the amount of energy absorbed by a material before failure occurs.
What is strength?
Strength refers to a material's ability to withstand stress and resist deformation. It is often described in terms of the maximum load a material can withstand before breaking or the maximum amount of stress a material can handle without failure.
How are toughness and strength related?
Toughness and strength are related in that both properties describe a material's ability to withstand external forces. However, a material can be strong but not tough, or tough but not strong. For example, glass is strong but not very tough, while rubber is tough but not very strong.
What factors affect toughness and strength?
There are many factors that can affect the toughness and strength of a material, including its composition, microstructure, and processing. For example, adding certain elements to a metal can increase its toughness, while changing the grain size can impact its strength.
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