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Getterdog
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When neutral atoms become polarized from ambient EM radiation, does this automatically imply that electrons have shifted orbitals,or do they remain in the same levels but become deformed? Thanks
It depends on which orbitals/levels you are talking about. If you are talking about the field-free states, than an external field leads to a superposition of these states. In other words, the polarised orbitals are linear combinations of the field-free orbitals.Getterdog said:When neutral atoms become polarized from ambient EM radiation, does this automatically imply that electrons have shifted orbitals,or do they remain in the same levels but become deformed? Thanks
A dipole moment is a measure of the separation of positive and negative charges within a molecule. It is a vector quantity that points from the negative to the positive charge.
Dipole moment is calculated by multiplying the magnitude of the charge separation by the distance between the two charges. This can be represented mathematically as μ = Qd, where μ is the dipole moment, Q is the charge separation, and d is the distance between the charges.
The dipole moment of a molecule is directly related to its polarity. A molecule with a non-zero dipole moment is considered polar, while a molecule with a zero dipole moment is considered nonpolar.
The dipole moment of a molecule can affect its physical properties, such as boiling point, melting point, and solubility. This is because molecules with higher dipole moments have stronger intermolecular forces, making them more likely to interact and form bonds with other molecules.
Dipole moments are related to the distribution of electrons in a molecule's orbitals. If there is an uneven distribution of electrons in the orbitals, it will result in a non-zero dipole moment. Additionally, the shape and orientation of the orbitals can also affect the magnitude and direction of the dipole moment.