Discrete math : Induction proof

boxz
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Stuck on the induction step,please help
 

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For ##n+1## you get one extra number. If it is even you can add it to the "even" sets you have for ##n## and you get additional sets. Count them.
 
There are two things I don't understand about this problem. First, when finding the nth root of a number, there should in theory be n solutions. However, the formula produces n+1 roots. Here is how. The first root is simply ##\left(r\right)^{\left(\frac{1}{n}\right)}##. Then you multiply this first root by n additional expressions given by the formula, as you go through k=0,1,...n-1. So you end up with n+1 roots, which cannot be correct. Let me illustrate what I mean. For this...
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