No such thing as suction really....fluid is pushed up the straw by atmospheric pressure, you are simply creating a lower pressure area for the fluid to move to.
You could devise an experiment. Use a vacuum pump on the end of the straw, this will ensure the "ideal" low pressure area. The straw will also work better at sea level,(or lower), because of greatest pressure differential.
Sea level pressure is roughly 14.7psi, in an "ideal" situation, this is what you have to work with. Now the question becomes...
For a given diameter straw,(smaller diameter is better), how high will 14.7psi lift a water column?
A similar, but perhaps inverse, example of this problem is,
Could you sit on the bottom of a 12 foot deep swimming pool, and breathe through a 13 foot garden hose "snorkel"? The answer is no.