Efficiency of the Stirling Cycle: Examining the Debate

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Discussion Overview

The discussion centers on the efficiency of the Stirling cycle, exploring different interpretations of how efficiency should be calculated and the implications of heat flow in the system. Participants examine theoretical formulations versus practical considerations in the operation of Stirling engines, including their use as heat pumps.

Discussion Character

  • Debate/contested
  • Technical explanation
  • Conceptual clarification

Main Points Raised

  • One participant presents a formula for the efficiency of the Stirling cycle, suggesting it incorporates heat flow and volume ratios, while another participant argues that practical considerations, such as heat storage, should lead to a different efficiency calculation akin to the Carnot cycle.
  • There is a challenge regarding the interpretation of heat flow to the gas versus the entire system, with one participant questioning whether it is appropriate to consider the gas and heat storage device as a single system for efficiency calculations.
  • Another participant notes that the referenced link discusses the Stirling engine as a refrigeration device, which may contribute to confusion regarding its classification and efficiency analysis.
  • Several participants clarify the term "isochoric," defining it as constant volume, and express surprise at its absence in common dictionaries or textbooks.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants do not reach a consensus on the correct approach to calculating the efficiency of the Stirling cycle. There are multiple competing views regarding the relevance of heat flow and the classification of the Stirling engine in different operational contexts.

Contextual Notes

Participants express uncertainty about the definitions and implications of terms like "isochoric," and there are references to differing educational materials that may influence understanding of the topic.

Vegeta
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I've calculated the efficiency of the Stirling cycle like

[tex]\eta=\frac{R(T_H-T_L)\ln\left(V_2/V_1\right)}{RT_H\ln\left(V_2/V_1\right)+C_{mV}(T_H-T_L)}[/tex]

Where [itex]V_2>1[/itex]. It's also derived http://www.pha.jhu.edu/~broholm/l39/node5.html" .
But my ("Highschool", or secondary school) teacher says that it can't be expressed that way, and is therefore wrong. Because she is considering how the Stirling engine works in practice. She says that because the heat that flows OUT of the system, from the isochoric proces, can be "stored" in some sort of heat storage device (the last animation here, called http://science.howstuffworks.com/stirling-engine.htm/printable" ), then you don't need to take the positive heat flow TO the system, into account, when calculating the efficiency. Because that energy is stored, and doesn't need to be heated from the fuel. By this way, the efficiency of the stirling cycle becomes [itex]\eta=1-T_C/T_H[/itex], i.e. the efficiency for the Carnot cycle.
But isn't it incorrect to consider the gas AND the "storage device" as one system, because there still is a heat flow (positive and negative) to the gas. Isn't it the heat flow to GAS that matters, when calculating the efficiency?!
And they've also derived that (the one above) formula for the efficiency of a stirling engine, in "Physics for Scientists and Engineers" By Fishbane, Gasiorowicz and Thornton, extended version.

But what is correct? :confused:
 
Last edited by a moderator:
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Vegeta said:
IShe says that because the heat that flows OUT of the system, from the isochoric proces, can be "stored" in some sort of heat storage device...

I looked up "isochoric" and got:


The word you've entered isn't in the dictionary. Click on a spelling suggestion below or try again using the search box to the right.

Suggestions for isochoric:

1. isocaloric
2. isochron
3. ascorbic
4. isogonic
5. ozokerite
6. ossicular
7. Iscariot
8. Ysyk-Kol
9. ozokerites
10. ozocerite
 
Looking at your link, I see that the person who wrote it is working toward analyzing the stirling as a refridgeration device. In this configuration the engine is operated by an outside motor or engine to increase the temperature difference between the hot and cold end, and the cold end is then used to cool something. In this configuration the stirling engine is a heat pump and not really a stirling engine anymore. I think this is very likely the source of the confusion between you and your teacher.
 
"isochor" = constant volume. It wasn't even in our undergrad textbook, our professor mentioned it in passing.
 
rachmaninoff said:
"isochor" = constant volume. It wasn't even in our undergrad textbook, our professor mentioned it in passing.
Thanks, rachmaninoff. I was pretty much baffled. Webster's usually has even obscure words.
 
Yes, I thought the whole point of dicitionaries was, obscure words.
 

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