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peace
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How to distinguish elliptical polarized light from partially-polarized light?
Yes of course. I mean is a mixture of polarised and unpolarised.sophiecentaur said:How would you define partially polarised light? Do you mean a mixture of polarised and unpolarised ? If so, which polarisation - linear or circular polarised?
I suspect that a single, linear polariser would show the same result as you rotate it but I think you would need a combination of circular polariser and linear polariser to identify elliptical polarisation for certain.
This polarisation business is far easier to get to understand in the context of RF antennae and waves because you have much easier control of the source. I guess there are Optics Guys who might disagree, though. (But wadda they know?)
If you mean plane polarised then the word is plane polarised and not "of course" polarised. I had to ask and you needed to specify your question properly.peace said:Yes of course. I mean is a mixture of polarised and unpolarised.
peace said:How to distinguish elliptical polarized light from partially-polarized light?
Thanks for the necessary explanationsophiecentaur said:If you mean plane polarised then the word is plane polarised and not "of course" polarised. I had to ask and you needed to specify your question properly.
You need to test for both forms of polarisation and there's a logic to the process which I think makes sense. The answer to the following would be reliable, I think.
Presumably a linear polariser is showing different throughput at different angles(?).
Elliptical polarisation can be looked on as a mix of circular and linear polarisation with the two components co-phased (of course).
The circular polariser would (when the right way round) eliminate any circular component. If it doesn't change the level then there is no circular component. So that would, I guess, tell you that it's not elliptical, which could be enough for you.
But for completeness:-
If there is some reduction then that means there's a circular component. What is left could either be canceled when it's orthogonal to the plane of the elliptical axis or not canceled at any angle if it's unpolarised. You could still get incomplete cancellation, in which case there could be some additional unpolarised light present with your elliptical.
sophiecentaur said:I had one of them but the wheels fell off.
I was thinking more kitchen table stuff. Any keen photographer would have basic polarizers in his bag.
It depends what you want out of the experiment. I wouldn't reckon on doing measurements in addition to 'detection. 'Crossed' circular polarisers let nothing through so why won't one circular polariser eliminate CP of the other sense? If that is true then the result of passing EP through a CP filter should leave LP which can be eliminated with an LP filter.Andy Resnick said:Is it still kitchen-table stuff?
sophiecentaur said:It depends what you want out of the experiment. I wouldn't reckon on doing measurements in addition to 'detection. 'Crossed' circular polarisers let nothing through so why won't one circular polariser eliminate CP of the other sense? If that is true then the result of passing EP through a CP filter should leave LP which can be eliminated with an LP filter.
That may be an over-simplification about the elimination of CP with a single CP filter; A photographic CP filter has a LP filter, followed by a quarter wave plate so a photographer would have all that's absolutely necessary (the cheapest polariser is a linear / plane polariser). I think, if you had only one CP filter, you might need a mirror to reverse the sense of the CP for cancellation. Why do you say it wouldn't work? Where would it be going wrong?
Reading the original question again, I think we have a slightly polarised beam, and we wish to know if it has a linear or elliptical element. This can be ascertained, I think, by using a circular polarised analyser to detect the presence and handedness of any rotational component.Andy Resnick said:Using a circular polarizer is an interesting idea; one challenge is the fact that the relative orientation of the fast axis of the retarder and the pass axis of the linear polarizer is fixed; normally one must be rotated with respect to the other.
It's my understanding that in commercial circular polarizers, the fast axis is 45 degrees from the pass axis. If the retarder is first, the device cannot distinguish between orthogonal linear polarization states. If the polarizer is first, the device cannot distinguish between circular polarization and random polarization. Consequently, the device cannot measure the polarization ellipse. Adding a second polarizer after the circular polarizer won't do anything since the circular polarizer already deleted some information.
The bottom line: specification of the polarization ellipse requires 4 parameters (ellipticity, amplitude, azimuth, and phase) but a circular polarizer has only 2: the rotational orientation of the entire device and the order of elements.
tech99 said:Reading the original question again, I think we have a slightly polarised beam, and we wish to know if it has a linear or elliptical element. This can be ascertained, I think, by using a circular polarised analyser to detect the presence and handedness of any rotational component.
Elliptically polarized light is a type of light in which the electric field vector oscillates in an elliptical pattern. This means that the light wave has two perpendicular components with different amplitudes and phases.
Linearly polarized light has an electric field vector that oscillates in a single direction, while elliptically polarized light has an electric field vector that oscillates in an elliptical pattern. This means that linearly polarized light has a constant amplitude and phase, while elliptically polarized light has varying amplitudes and phases.
Elliptically polarized light can be produced by passing linearly polarized light through certain materials, such as crystals or birefringent materials. The material changes the amplitudes and phases of the two perpendicular components, resulting in an elliptical pattern.
Partially-polarized light is a type of light that has characteristics of both polarized and unpolarized light. This means that the light wave has some degree of polarization, but the electric field vector does not oscillate in a specific direction.
Unpolarized light has an electric field vector that oscillates in all possible directions, while partially-polarized light has an electric field vector that oscillates in some specific directions. This means that partially-polarized light has some degree of polarization, while unpolarized light does not have any polarization.