Energy possessed by Electric Field

AI Thread Summary
A parallel plate capacitor illustrates that electromagnetic waves can store electrical energy even in a vacuum, where no medium particles exist. The energy is stored in the electric field itself, which is not immediately intuitive. This energy is proportional to the square of the electric field strength. The concept can be understood as the work done to separate charges, resulting in potential energy stored between the plates. Thus, electrical energy is fundamentally linked to the configuration of the electric field.
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Consider a parallel plate capacitor.
It is said that electromagnetic waves store electrical energy.
Since electromagnetic waves don't require a medium to propogate, we can say that electrical energy can be stored in a space where there are no medium particles (say vaccuum).
Where exactly is electrical energy stored? It is not so intuitive.
 
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in the field itself.

in fact the energy is proportional to the square of the field.
 
You can think of it in various ways, but you did work to separate the charges and build up the field between the plates, so I think of that energy being stored in the separated charges, i.e. potential energy.
 
It may be shown from the equations of electromagnetism, by James Clerk Maxwell in the 1860’s, that the speed of light in the vacuum of free space is related to electric permittivity (ϵ) and magnetic permeability (μ) by the equation: c=1/√( μ ϵ ) . This value is a constant for the vacuum of free space and is independent of the motion of the observer. It was this fact, in part, that led Albert Einstein to Special Relativity.
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