Enthalpy, Gibbs free energy, and Helmholtz free energy are essential thermodynamic concepts used to understand energy changes in chemical reactions and physical processes. Enthalpy measures the total heat content, while Gibbs free energy indicates the maximum reversible work obtainable from a system at constant temperature and pressure. Helmholtz free energy is useful for systems at constant volume and temperature, focusing on usable energy. Usable energy refers to the energy available to do work in a system, which is critical for predicting reaction spontaneity and equilibrium. A deeper understanding of these concepts aids in analyzing thermodynamic processes effectively.