Fermi-Dirac distribution at T->0 and \mu->\epsilon_0

Click For Summary
The limit of the Fermi-Dirac distribution as temperature approaches zero and chemical potential approaches Fermi energy is calculated to be 1/2. There is confusion regarding the transition from energy levels ε_k to the Fermi energy ε_F, which is essential for understanding the behavior of particles at absolute zero. As temperature approaches zero, the occupation probability f behaves differently based on the relationship between ε_k and ε_F. Specifically, for ε_k greater than ε_F, f approaches 0, while for ε_k less than ε_F, f approaches 1. At ε_k equal to ε_F, the occupation probability is consistently 1/2 for any non-zero temperature.
mcas
Messages
22
Reaction score
5
Homework Statement
Starting with F-C distrubution for ##T>0##
$$f(\epsilon_\vec{k})=(e^{\frac{(\epsilon_\vec{k} - \mu)}{kT}}+1)^{-1}$$
derive a distrubution at limit of ##T->0## when ##\mu(T)-> \epsilon_F##
Relevant Equations
##f(\epsilon_\vec{k})=(e^{\frac{(\epsilon_\vec{k} - \mu)}{kT}}+1)^(-1)##
##\mu(T=0)=\epsilon_F##
The limit itself is pretty easy to calculate
##lim_{T->0} \ lim_{\mu->\epsilon_F} \ (e^{\frac{(\epsilon_F - \mu)}{kT}}+1)^{-1} = \frac{1}{2}##

But I'm very confused about changing ##\epsilon_\vec{k}## to ##\epsilon_F##. Why do we do this?
 
Physics news on Phys.org
Depending on ##\epsilon_k## with comparison to Fermi energy as T ##\rightarrow## 0,
For ##\epsilon_k > \epsilon_f ## ##f \rightarrow ?##
For ##\epsilon_k < \epsilon_f ## ##f \rightarrow ?##
and
For ##\epsilon_k = \epsilon_f ## ##f = 1/2## for any temperature ##T \neq 0##.
 
Last edited:
  • Like
  • Love
Likes mcas and DrClaude
At first, I derived that: $$\nabla \frac 1{\mu}=-\frac 1{{\mu}^3}\left((1-\beta^2)+\frac{\dot{\vec\beta}\cdot\vec R}c\right)\vec R$$ (dot means differentiation with respect to ##t'##). I assume this result is true because it gives valid result for magnetic field. To find electric field one should also derive partial derivative of ##\vec A## with respect to ##t##. I've used chain rule, substituted ##\vec A## and used derivative of product formula. $$\frac {\partial \vec A}{\partial t}=\frac...