Final electric potential difference in a circuit with two capacitors

Click For Summary
SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on determining the final electric potential difference in a circuit with two capacitors, where each capacitor has an initial different potential. The key equation derived is for the final potential, represented as ##V_{f}=\frac{q_{1}-\Delta q}{C_{1}}##, indicating that charge ##\Delta q## transfers from the higher potential capacitor to the lower one. To solve for the final potential and the transferred charge, two equations must be established based on the expressions for both capacitors.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of capacitor fundamentals, including capacitance and potential difference.
  • Knowledge of charge transfer principles in electrical circuits.
  • Familiarity with basic algebra for solving equations involving multiple variables.
  • Ability to apply Kirchhoff's laws in circuit analysis.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the principles of charge conservation in capacitor circuits.
  • Learn how to derive and solve simultaneous equations in electrical circuits.
  • Explore the effects of different capacitor configurations on potential differences.
  • Investigate the use of simulation tools for analyzing capacitor circuits, such as LTspice or Multisim.
USEFUL FOR

Electrical engineers, physics students, and anyone involved in circuit design or analysis, particularly those focusing on capacitive systems.

greg_rack
Gold Member
Messages
361
Reaction score
79
Homework Statement
FIGURE ATTACHED BELOW
##C_{1}=2.00\mu F, q_{1}=6.00\mu C, C_{2}=8.00\mu F, q_{2}=12.0\mu C##
The circuit gets closed and charge flows until the two capacitors have the same electric potential difference ##V_{F}## across its terminals.
-calculate ##V_{F}##.
Relevant Equations
##q=CV##
IMG_4628.JPG
So, each capacitor must have a different potential difference, given by its capacity and charge... this would cause charge and current accordingly to flow in the circuit.
But how do I determine the final potential difference, which would of course be the same for both of them? I have tried writing down something, which I've found out to be unuseful to solve this problem.
 
Physics news on Phys.org
The capacitors start out with different potentials across them. What are they?

If some amount of charge, say ##\Delta q## moves from the higher potential capacitor to the lower potential one, what expressions can you write for those new potentials?
 
gneill said:
The capacitors start out with different potentials across them. What are they?

If some amount of charge, say ##\Delta q## moves from the higher potential capacitor to the lower potential one, what expressions can you write for those new potentials?
Ok, so, since ##V_{1}>V_{2}##, I'll have a ##\Delta q## transferring from 1 to 2, so the final potential ##V_{f}## is going to be: ##V_{1f}=V_{2f}=V_{f}=\frac{q_{1}-\Delta q}{C_{1}}##... that makes sense, right?
 
greg_rack said:
Ok, so, since ##V_{1}>V_{2}##, I'll have a ##\Delta q## transferring from 1 to 2, so the final potential ##V_{f}## is going to be: ##V_{1f}=V_{2f}=V_{f}=\frac{q_{1}-\Delta q}{C_{1}}##... that makes sense, right?
Yes. But you're left with two unknowns: ##V_f## and ##\Delta q##. Write the expressions for both of the capacitors and you'll have two equations in those two unknowns.
 
  • Like
Likes   Reactions: greg_rack
gneill said:
Yes. But you're left with two unknowns: ##V_f## and ##\Delta q##. Write the expressions for both of the capacitors and you'll have two equations in those two unknowns.
Yep, sure!
Thank you very much :)
 

Similar threads

  • · Replies 6 ·
Replies
6
Views
2K
  • · Replies 30 ·
2
Replies
30
Views
3K
  • · Replies 2 ·
Replies
2
Views
1K
Replies
9
Views
2K
  • · Replies 15 ·
Replies
15
Views
905
Replies
1
Views
2K
  • · Replies 14 ·
Replies
14
Views
2K
  • · Replies 3 ·
Replies
3
Views
3K
  • · Replies 7 ·
Replies
7
Views
2K
  • · Replies 5 ·
Replies
5
Views
1K