Find the flaw in this proof of the parallel postulate.

In summary, the given information states that there are several lines and points, such as line PQ perpendicular to line l at point Q, line m perpendicular to line PQ at point P, and point A ≠ P on line m. It is also mentioned that there exists a point C on line l such that Q*B*C, and this implies that there is another point D on line l where QC is between rays PQ and PD. Using the plane separation theorem, it can be proven that all rays between ray PA and ray PQ will intersect line l. Furthermore, line m is the only line parallel to line l through point P.
  • #1
scamuicune
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Homework Statement


Given P not on line l, line PQ perpendicular to l at Q, line m perpendicular to line PQ at P, and point A ≠ P on m. Let ray PB be the last ray between ray PA and ray PQ that intersects l, B being the point of intersection. There exists a point C on l such that Q*B*C. It follows that ray PB is not the last ray between ray PA and ray PQ that intersects l, and hence all rays between ray PA and ray PQ meet l. Thus, m is the only parallel to l through P.

Homework Equations


Betweenness axioms
Definition of plane separation

The Attempt at a Solution


I'm pretty sure there's something not quite right with the statement that because Q*B*C, that QC is between rays PQ and PA. I feel like we're assuming something and that the flaw is in this statement.
 
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  • #2
I think this statement should be something like, since Q*B*C, there is another point D on l such that QC is between rays PQ and PD. Then we can say that all rays between PA and PQ will intersect l. Then, to prove the last part of the statement, we can use the plane separation theorem which states that if two distinct lines have a common perpendicular, then they must be parallel. In this case, m is the common perpendicular since it is perpendicular to PQ. Thus, m is the only line parallel to l through P.
 

1. What is the parallel postulate and why is it important?

The parallel postulate states that given a line and a point not on that line, there is exactly one line parallel to the given line through the given point. It is important because it is one of the five postulates of Euclidean geometry and is the basis for understanding parallel lines and angles.

2. What is the flaw in the proof of the parallel postulate?

The flaw in the proof of the parallel postulate is that it assumes that there is only one line that can be drawn through a given point parallel to a given line. However, this assumption is not always true in non-Euclidean geometries.

3. Can the parallel postulate be proven or is it an assumption?

The parallel postulate is an assumption rather than a proven theorem. It cannot be proven because it is independent of the other four postulates and cannot be derived from them.

4. What are the implications of the parallel postulate being false?

If the parallel postulate is false, it means that the geometry being studied is non-Euclidean, such as hyperbolic or elliptic geometry. This would have significant implications for our understanding of space and how we measure and describe it.

5. Are there any real-world applications of the parallel postulate?

While the parallel postulate may seem like an abstract concept, it has many real-world applications. It is used in architecture, engineering, and navigation to ensure that structures are built and measurements are accurate. It is also the basis for the study of trigonometry and the concept of similar and congruent shapes.

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