I've ended up with these 4 equations. The question wants us to find A5.
You forgot to put ##a=\lambda_2 \; (=2\pi/k_2)## in some of those equations, and I think there should be a k
1 in there somewhere. I'm also a bit concerned about the signs in there.
But surely A5 must be exponential? in order to make the resultant term on the RHS of equations (3) and (4) non-exponential.
But it's only exponential in a constant ratio, so why does that matter?
Also, when I tried to express A5 in terms of A1, A2, A3 or A4 I can't, cause equations (3) and (4) sort of make A5 ' cancel out
You
can cancel A
5 that way - but only to get a relation between A
3 and A
4 ... but that does not make A
5 unfindable, you just have to use a different substitution.
It helps to change notation to something simpler ... i.e. put p,q,r in place of k1,2,3 respectively, and put z=exp[-ik
3a] or whatever that turns out to be. Then make A=A
2 and B,C,D=A
3,4,5. Now it should be easier to track the variables - notice that p,q,r and z are all constants?
Once you've checked your algebra, you have only to row-reduce the matrix of coefficients of A,B,C,D.