Finding Resistance of an electronic component

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on accurately determining the resistance of a DC computer fan rated at DC12V and 0.25A. The user initially attempted to calculate resistance using Ohm's Law (R=V/I), yielding an expected resistance of 48 ohms. However, measurements with an ohmmeter showed inconsistent results due to the fan's operational characteristics, including back electromotive force (back EMF) generated when the fan is running. The recommended method for modeling the fan's resistance involves measuring the voltage across the fan and the current flowing through it simultaneously, then dividing the voltage by the current.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Ohm's Law (V=IR)
  • Basic knowledge of electrical components, specifically DC motors
  • Familiarity with measuring voltage and current in circuits
  • Concept of back electromotive force (back EMF)
NEXT STEPS
  • Learn how to measure voltage and current in a circuit using a multimeter
  • Research the effects of back EMF on motor performance
  • Explore the use of potentiometers for speed control in DC motors
  • Study circuit modeling techniques for DC motors and fans
USEFUL FOR

Electronics enthusiasts, hobbyists repurposing computer fans, and engineers designing circuits involving DC motors will benefit from this discussion.

MCCCLXXXV
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This may be a really dumb/easy question, but...
I have a computer fan that I'm trying to repurpose. The specs on the fan say DC12V, 0.25A.

I'm trying to model the fan in a circuit diagram because I want to 1) make sure i don't put too much current through it and 2) add a potentiometer to it to control the speed. Now, in order to find the effective resistance of the fan, I thought I would be able to simply use the V=IR equation and solve for R=12/.25=48ohms. But I hooked up an ohmmeter to it and it seemed like the resistance was no where near 48 ohms and jumped around a lot (mostly just went into overflow mode). What would be the proper way to model the resistance of the fan?

Thanks
 
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The easy way is to measure the voltage across the fan and the current through the fan at the same time and then divide the voltage by the current. This will not have any correspondence to the value you measure with an ohmmeter.

When a motor is running it also acts a generator and generates a back emf that opposes the flow of current through the motor. The current through the motor will vary with load so any value you measure is only representative of the motor at that voltage and load.
 

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