Friction Direction: Car Under Own Power vs. Towed

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The discussion centers on the direction of friction in two scenarios: a car under its own power and a car being towed. When a car operates independently, the static friction force acts forward, opposing the backward motion of the tires. In contrast, when a car is towed, the frictional force remains opposite to the direction of motion, meaning it still opposes the backward movement of the tires, even though the tow truck pulls the car forward. The key takeaway is that friction always acts in the direction opposite to the net force or motion, regardless of whether the car is self-propelled or towed. Understanding these dynamics is crucial for analyzing vehicle motion and frictional forces.
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Does the direction of friction change based upon where the force is coming from? My brother and I are discussing it...

Specifically...if a car is operating under its own power vs. a car being towed

The two scenarios are such...

A car under its own power...the frictional force is static and positive (forward) because it is opposing the the tires going backward on the road.


For a car being towed...that is where the confusion comes in. Is it the same parameters as above, because the the friction in the opposite direction of the tires moving backwards against the road (because of the force of the towtruck pulling it forward)? The tires are still rotating after all...

Or would the friction be backwards...toward the rear of the car...because it is opposing the overall force of the towtruck moving the car forward...



Any thoughts would be great...
 
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The direction of the friction is always opposite the direction of motion, or the direction of the net force.
 
The friction force will be opposite to the motion and equal the frictional resistance of the driveline.
 

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