Fundamental theorem of calculus

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SUMMARY

The Fundamental Theorem of Calculus states that if \( F(x) \) is an antiderivative of \( f(x) \), then the derivative of the definite integral from \( a \) to \( x \) of \( f(t) \) is equal to \( f(x) \). Specifically, this is expressed as \( \frac{d}{dx} \int_a^x f(t) dt = f(x) \). The confusion arises when treating \( a \) and \( b \) as constants, leading to the incorrect conclusion that \( \frac{d}{dx} \int_a^b f(x) dx = 0 \). Understanding this theorem is crucial for building intuition in calculus.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of antiderivatives and derivatives
  • Familiarity with definite integrals
  • Basic knowledge of calculus notation
  • Concept of limits in calculus
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the properties of antiderivatives in calculus
  • Learn about the application of the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus in solving problems
  • Explore graphical interpretations of integrals and derivatives
  • Investigate common misconceptions in calculus related to integration and differentiation
USEFUL FOR

Students and educators in mathematics, particularly those studying calculus, as well as anyone seeking to deepen their understanding of the relationship between differentiation and integration.

e^(i Pi)+1=0
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[itex]\frac{d}{dx} \int_a^b f(x) dx=f(b)[/itex]

This is something I can churn through mechanically but I never "got." Any links / explanations that can help build my intuition about this would be helpful.
 
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e^(i Pi)+1=0 said:
[itex]\frac{d}{dx} \int_a^b f(x)=f(b)[/itex]

This is something I can churn through mechanically but I never "got." Any links / explanations that can help build my intuition about this would be helpful.

What you have is incorrect, assuming that both a and b are constants.
[tex]\frac{d}{dx} \int_a^b f(x) dx =0[/tex]

The way this is usually presented is like so:

[tex]\frac{d}{dx} \int_a^x f(t) dt =f(x)[/tex]
 
For an explanation, let's assume that F(x) is an antiderivative of f(x). IOW, F'(x) = f(x).
Then
$$ \int_a^x f(t) dt = F(x) - F(a)$$
So $$ d/dx \int_a^x f(t) dt = d/dx( F(x) - F(a)) = F'(x) - 0 = f(x)$$
 

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