Schools Graduate School Advice: Control Theory vs. Optoelectronics vs. Electromagnetics

AI Thread Summary
A senior studying Electrical Engineering is seeking advice on choosing a subdiscipline for graduate studies, specifically between Control Theory and Optoelectronics/Electromagnetics. Control Theory appeals due to its mathematical rigor and diverse applications, including potential roles in various fields beyond engineering. However, the concern arises about the lack of physics content in this path. Conversely, Optoelectronics/Electromagnetics aligns with an interest in physics and semiconductor devices but may not offer the same depth of mathematical challenges. The individual prefers a focus on advanced mathematics and aims for a career in industry or government research, possibly leading to entrepreneurship. They seek insights on the mathematical demands of both fields and examples of relevant job opportunities.
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Hey everyone. I'm hoping to get some advice from you guys. I am a senior studying Electrical Engineering. I am currently applying for graduate schools and for graduate fellowships (everything is mostly due mid-December). I plan to pursue a PhD. The only problem is, I'm not entirely sure which subdiscipline of Electrical Engineering I would like to pursue. I have met with several of my teachers for advice, but I'm still not sure.

I really like math. On the other hand, I really like physics. This has led me to narrow my decision down to two categories: 1) Control theory/control systems engineering, or 2) Optoelectronics or Electromagnetics.

1) Control theory: Control theory seems to be very mathematical, and if I go down a theoretical path in graduate school, it seems like my desire to learn advanced math will be satisfied, while providing me with an advanced degree with decent industry/government prospects. I am taking a control theory course now, and I really enjoy it, particularly the applications of linear algebra. I have also heard of control theory being applied to other non-engineering fields, like biology or economics. The prospect of having the opportunity to work in all sorts of areas is appealing.

The only con is that I may not be learning any physics.

2) Optoelectronics/Electromagnetics (vague, I know): I took two quarters of engineering electromagnetics, and have also read Griffiths which I enjoyed. I also enjoyed learning about semiconductor devices in another course. I am taking senior/first year grad level quantum mechanics in the physics department which I like, but its lack of mathematical rigor is dissatisfying.

Researching in an engineering field that would require me to learn more about these areas of physics is attractive. However, I worry that the level of mathematics will not satisfy me. It sounds as though the relevant math would basically just be things along the lines of solving boundary-value problems and PDEs. This is great and all, but from what I understand, control theory at the advanced level would expose me to differential geometry, calculus of variations, and lie theory to name a few topics.

Can anyone give me some advice?

Note: If I had to choose between learning more math vs. more physics, I would choose math. But obviously if I find out that choice (2) would involve the same level of math as choice (1), that may be the better choice.

I want an advanced engineering degree because my end-goal is to work as an industry or government researcher, possibly starting my own business one day. I feel that an advanced engineering degree would satisfy my intellectual curiosity, while making me more marketable than I would be with, say, a math or physics PhD.

Oh, and what might be examples of industry/government jobs one might have with either of these specializations?

Thoughts?
 
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Hey, I am Andreas from Germany. I am currently 35 years old and I want to relearn math and physics. This is not one of these regular questions when it comes to this matter. So... I am very realistic about it. I know that there are severe contraints when it comes to selfstudy compared to a regular school and/or university (structure, peers, teachers, learning groups, tests, access to papers and so on) . I will never get a job in this field and I will never be taken serious by "real"...
Yesterday, 9/5/2025, when I was surfing, I found an article The Schwarzschild solution contains three problems, which can be easily solved - Journal of King Saud University - Science ABUNDANCE ESTIMATION IN AN ARID ENVIRONMENT https://jksus.org/the-schwarzschild-solution-contains-three-problems-which-can-be-easily-solved/ that has the derivation of a line element as a corrected version of the Schwarzschild solution to Einstein’s field equation. This article's date received is 2022-11-15...

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