Heat and internal energy of water temperature

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the temperature increase of water falling from a height of 50.0 meters at Niagara Falls, starting from an initial temperature of 10.0 degrees Celsius. The key equation used is the conservation of energy, expressed as mgh = mc(Tf - Ti), where m is mass, g is acceleration due to gravity, h is height, c is specific heat capacity, Tf is final temperature, and Ti is initial temperature. The final temperature (Tf) is derived as Tf = (gh/c) + Ti, confirming that the potential energy converts entirely into thermal energy, raising the water's temperature.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of gravitational potential energy (mgh)
  • Knowledge of specific heat capacity (c)
  • Familiarity with the concept of temperature change (ΔT)
  • Basic algebra for solving equations
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the principles of energy conservation in thermodynamics
  • Learn about specific heat capacity and its applications in different materials
  • Explore the relationship between potential energy and kinetic energy in fluid dynamics
  • Investigate real-world applications of thermal energy calculations in engineering
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Students studying physics, particularly those focusing on thermodynamics and energy conservation, as well as educators teaching these concepts in a practical context.

mizzy
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Homework Statement


Water at the top of Niagara Falls has a temperature of 10.0degrees celsius. If it falls a distance of 50.0m and all of its potential energy goes into heating the water, calculate the temperature of the water at the bottom of the falls.


Homework Equations



W = change in kinetic energy + change in potential energy

The Attempt at a Solution


i know there's potential energy on top and none at the bottom. There's not kinetic energy at the top and there is at the bottom. But how do i put temperature into this equation?
 
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The change in potential energy of the water = heat absorbed by water


You should know the equation Q=mcΔT
 
so distance isn't included in the equation? and mass?
 
mizzy said:
so distance isn't included in the equation? and mass?

The height is a distance and the mass will not really matter.
 
so, mgh = mc(T-Ti)

then solve for Tf?

therefore,

mgh = mc(Tf - Ti)
gh = cTf - cTi
gh + cTi = cTf
gh/c + Ti = Tf
 
Yes that should work.
 
Thanks
 

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