Thermodynamics Homework Help: Work, Internal Energy & Gas Compression

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In summary, thermodynamics is the branch of science that studies the relationship between heat and other forms of energy. The three laws of thermodynamics include the law of conservation of energy, the law of entropy, and the law of absolute temperature. These laws have various applications in everyday life, such as powering cars and regulating body temperature. Other common applications of thermodynamics include power generation, refrigeration and air conditioning, chemical reactions, and combustion processes. In thermodynamics, heat and temperature are related but not the same thing, as heat is a form of energy and temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles in a system.
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rutherfordln
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Homework Statement


A gas is compressed at a constant pressure of 0.800 atn from 12.00 L to 3.00 L. In the process, 420 J of energy leaves the gaas by heat.

a) What is the work done on the gas?

b) what is the change in its internal energy?


Homework Equations


1atm = 1.0135e5 N/m^2
1Pa = 1 N/m^2


The Attempt at a Solution

 
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rutherfordln said:

The Attempt at a Solution

...?
 
  • #3

a) The work done on the gas can be calculated using the formula W = PΔV, where P is the constant pressure of 0.800 atm and ΔV is the change in volume of the gas, which is (12.00 L - 3.00 L) = 9.00 L. Converting the pressure to SI units, we get 0.800 atm = 8.108e4 N/m^2. Therefore, the work done on the gas is W = (8.108e4 N/m^2)(9.00 L) = 7.297e5 J.

b) The change in internal energy can be calculated using the formula ΔU = Q - W, where Q is the heat leaving the gas and W is the work done on the gas. Substituting the values, we get ΔU = (420 J) - (7.297e5 J) = -7.2938e5 J. This means that the internal energy of the gas decreases by 7.2938e5 J in this process of compression.
 

What is thermodynamics?

Thermodynamics is the branch of science that deals with the relationships between heat and other forms of energy.

What are the laws of thermodynamics?

The three laws of thermodynamics are: 1) The law of conservation of energy, which states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or converted. 2) The law of entropy, which states that the total entropy of a closed system will always increase over time. 3) The law of absolute temperature, which states that absolute zero is the lowest possible temperature and cannot be reached by any process.

How does thermodynamics relate to everyday life?

Thermodynamics plays a crucial role in our everyday lives, from powering our cars and homes to regulating our body temperature. It is also used in the production of food, medicine, and other consumer products.

What are some common applications of thermodynamics?

Some common applications of thermodynamics include power generation, refrigeration and air conditioning, chemical reactions, and combustion processes.

What is the difference between heat and temperature in thermodynamics?

Heat is a form of energy that is transferred between objects or systems due to temperature differences. Temperature, on the other hand, is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles in a system. In thermodynamics, heat and temperature are related, but they are not the same thing.

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