How are atoms entangled and can it be done remotely?

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Quantum entanglement involves the interaction of particles, such as atoms, which can lead to entangled states of their properties, like spin. To establish entanglement, particles must interact in a way that allows for the conservation of certain observables, and they do not need to be in physical contact. Experiments have demonstrated entanglement over distances, although practical limitations currently restrict these distances to around 50 kilometers. The process of entangling two atoms can theoretically occur remotely through the exchange of photons, but this requires precise conditions and additional classical information. Overall, while entanglement is a complex phenomenon, it is rooted in specific interactions and conservation laws within quantum mechanics.
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hammertime said:
What are these severe constraints?

You would need to be more specific, as I mention. A hypothetical scenario:

There has been discussion of performing Bell tests on photons at large distance, perhaps even as far as the moon (using a mirror left there). That would show long distance entanglement. It is possible to store the entangled state of a photon for a period of time in a certain kind of lattice structure (IIRC), and then retrieve it. So perhaps that could be placed on the moon. Then you could have 2 entangled things far apart.

But that is probably the easiest of all the scenarios.
 

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