How can I apply quantum mechanics to describe a photon gas in a box?

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on applying quantum mechanics to describe a photon gas in a box, specifically addressing the particle in a box problem for massless photons. Participants highlight the need to correctly formulate the Hamiltonian and reference the quantization of electromagnetic radiation. Key resources include I. Bialynicki-Birula's work on photon wave functions and standard statistical mechanics texts that cover the photon gas problem. The conversation emphasizes the transition from classical to quantum treatment of electromagnetic radiation.

PREREQUISITES
  • Quantum Mechanics fundamentals
  • Statistical Mechanics principles
  • Understanding of Hamiltonian formulation
  • Knowledge of electromagnetic radiation quantization
NEXT STEPS
  • Study I. Bialynicki-Birula's "The photon wave function" in Coherence and Quantum Optics VII
  • Research the Hamiltonian for massless particles in quantum mechanics
  • Explore the photon gas problem in standard Statistical Mechanics textbooks
  • Learn about the transition from classical to quantum treatment of electromagnetic waves
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Physicists, graduate students in quantum mechanics and statistical mechanics, and researchers interested in the quantum description of photon gases.

Amok
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I should know how to do this, but I've been getting a bit confused. Can you solve the particle in a box problem considering that the particle is a massless photon? I'm not so sure on how to write the Hamiltonian correctly for this problem.

EDIT: Ok, to add some information, I'm actually looking at the "photon gas in a box" problem, and apparently the equations describing the electromagnetic radiation give quantized energy (just like the one for a particle in a box), but I can't seem to get there by myself. Maybe there's some fundamental thing I'm not getting.
 
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Your question is referring to the wave function of a photon or to the photon gas problem ?

You can take a look here for the first:
The photon wave function , I. Bialynicki-Birula , Coherence and Quantum Optics VII, Eds. J.H.Eberly, L.Mandel, and E.Wolf., Plenum, New York, 1996, p. 313

You can get the article from the author's web page.

The second is, if i remember correctly, a standard problem found in many books on Statistical Mechanics.

Additionally, take a look here
https://www.physicsforums.com/showthread.php?t=206721
 
|squeezed> said:
Your question is referring to the wave function of a photon or to the photon gas problem ?

You can take a look here for the first:
The photon wave function , I. Bialynicki-Birula , Coherence and Quantum Optics VII, Eds. J.H.Eberly, L.Mandel, and E.Wolf., Plenum, New York, 1996, p. 313

You can get the article from the author's web page.

The second is, if i remember correctly, a standard problem found in many books on Statistical Mechanics.

Additionally, take a look here
https://www.physicsforums.com/showthread.php?t=206721


Thank you for replying. I understand the statistical mechanics part of it well. In my course (which is about statistical mechanics), the electromagnetic radiation inside the box is treated classically, by using standing waves (which actually gives rise to quantization!). I don't really need to know this, I was wondering how you would treat those photons with QM. Once again, thanks for replying, I'll be sure to check out the info you gave me as soon as I have the time.
 

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