How can i calculate the brightness of moon's light at night on the earth?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around calculating the brightness of the moon's light as observed on Earth, exploring various methods and equations that could be employed for this purpose. The scope includes experimental approaches, theoretical modeling, and practical measurement techniques.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Experimental/applied

Main Points Raised

  • One participant suggests starting with an experiment to measure the energy output of the moon by observing temperature changes in a glass of water exposed to moonlight, though they express uncertainty about its feasibility.
  • Another participant proposes modeling the moon as a light bulb that reflects a certain percentage of sunlight (the "albedo") and radiates light uniformly over a solid angle, using the moon's angular diameter for calculations.
  • A question is raised about the distinction between brightness and irradiance, indicating a need for clarity in the terms used.
  • A suggestion is made to use a photo resistor to measure light intensity, with a calibration method involving candles to establish a baseline for measurements.
  • One participant mentions calculating brightness in lumens, proposing a formula that incorporates the periphery and radiation angle, indicating a preference for a theoretical approach over measurement.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants present multiple competing views on how to approach the calculation of moonlight brightness, with no consensus reached on a single method or equation.

Contextual Notes

Some methods proposed rely on assumptions about the moon's albedo and uniform light distribution, while others depend on experimental conditions that may vary, such as light interference in urban settings.

Who May Find This Useful

This discussion may be of interest to novice physics learners, experimental physicists, and those exploring photometry and astronomical measurements.

rony01
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hello Forum

i am a novice physics learner. actually i want to calculate or construct an equation through which i can measure the maximum brightness of moon's light on our planet.

can anyone give me any idea from where to start?
 
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well there is an experiment to measure the energy output of the sun , And this might work on a full moon . Set out a glass of water and see if the light from the moon heats up the glass of water , and measure the temperature increase , and measure the time it took and then you can get the energy per second it was putting out over that cross-sectional area . Now i feel stupid for writing this because i don't know if it will work, I don't know if there is enough light coming off the sun . Maybe you could do something with a solar cell.
 
welcome to pf!

hello rony01! welcome to pf! :smile:

for an equation, you can assume that the full moon is a light bulb which radiates a certain percentage (the "albedo" of Moon-rock) of the light from the sun falling on it …

and assume it radiates equally over a 2π solid angle (ie only on one side!) …

then use the angular diameter of the Moon as seen from the Earth :wink:
 
Just to be clear, you are asking about the *brightness*, as opposed to the irradiance?
 
First you need a photo receptor. For dim sources i suggest a photo resistor from a night light removed and connected to a resistance meter. The resistance will be a function of the light on it. If you are able to get measurable changes by directing the photo resistor on the moon then you need to calibrate it. I suggest a candle placed 1 foot from the photo resistor. ( one candle power ) in a dark room. Add more candles to get a curve. This is all a little sloppy but it should work and get you started. If you are in a city it may be hard to find moonlight without other light sources interfering.
 
i think it would be easier to calculate in that to measure the unit LUMEN in which i must require the periphery and the radiation angle. for the radiation angle it will be easily calculated with stick perpendicular to Earth and then using F = Iv × 2π × (1 - cos(A/2)), this law might be easier.but thanks for the comments!
 
Great. What did you get?
 

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