How Do You Calculate the Mass of a Star Based on Its Planet's Orbit?

AI Thread Summary
To calculate the mass of a star based on its planet's orbit, one can use the formula v = (GM/r)^(1/2) and substitute the orbital velocity equation v = 2πr/T. The gravitational constant (G) is essential in these calculations, with a value of 6.67259 × 10−11 N·m²/kg². The final mass of the star was determined to be approximately 4.19 × 10^30 kg. Kepler's laws can provide additional insights but are not necessary for this calculation.
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Homework Statement


A distant star has a single planet circling it in
a circular orbit of radius 3.33 × 1011 m. The
period of the planet’s motion about the star
is 836 days.
What is the mass of the star? The
value of the universal gravitational constant
is 6.67259 × 10−11 N · m2/kg2.
Answer in units of kg.


Homework Equations


v = 2 π r / T
ac = v2 / r
Fc = mac
Kepler's laws?

The Attempt at a Solution


uhhhh...have i have no idea where to start
 
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wait i figured it out...you use v=(gm/r)^(1/2) and substitute in 2(pi)r/T (in seconds) for v...then solve for M
the answer i ended up with was 4.187530248*10^30
 
Nice.
 
od943 said:
wait i figured it out...you use v=(gm/r)^(1/2) and substitute in 2(pi)r/T (in seconds) for v...then solve for M
the answer i ended up with was 4.187530248*10^30

Well done! And your method is exactly right, Kepler's laws being unnecessary in this case, though just as useful if you know how.

You can, of course, combined the equations to get...

T2 = 4.π2.r3/GM

...and manipulated that as needed. You can see where Kepler's law comes from then, too.
 
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