How Does Current Direction Affect BJT Impedance Calculations?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the impact of current direction on impedance calculations in a BJT (Bipolar Junction Transistor) equivalent circuit, specifically when analyzing the resistance seen at the emitter terminal. The scope includes theoretical aspects of BJT modeling and small-signal analysis.

Discussion Character

  • Technical explanation
  • Conceptual clarification
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant expresses confusion regarding the direction of current flow in the BJT equivalent circuit when calculating output resistance.
  • Another participant states that the direction of current does not significantly affect the analysis, emphasizing that the small-signal model is a mathematical abstraction that describes BJT behavior under specific conditions.
  • It is noted that proper DC biasing is necessary to ensure the BJT operates in the linear region while applying a small AC signal for analysis.
  • A participant explains that the input signal is AC, but for analysis, a direction is assumed at a specific moment, influencing the current directions in the circuit.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants exhibit differing views on the relevance of current direction in the analysis, with some arguing it is not crucial while others seek clarification on its importance.

Contextual Notes

The discussion highlights the dependence on specific conditions for the small-signal model and the assumptions made regarding AC signal analysis.

likephysics
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A bit confused about direction of current flow in the BJT equivalent ckt.
I'm trying to calculate the resistance seen, looking into the emitter terminal.
In what direction does the current flow in the bjt output resistance ro?
 

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And direction of a current doesn't really matter.
attachment.php?attachmentid=43007&stc=1&d=1327264695.png

And also remember that

Rin = Vin/Iin

Iin = Iro+IRe + Ie

Ib = Vin/(βre+RB)

Ie = Ib + Ic = (β+1)*Ib
 

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Last edited:
Why doesn't the direction of current really matter?
 
Because we are dealing here with a BJT model not a real device.
And this small-signal model is nothing more then mathematical abstraction.
Our small-signal model describe the behavior of a BJT in "special condition".
We need properly DC bias the BJT into the linear region and apply low-frequency very small AC signal. And in this condition we create a small-signal model.
As for Rin = Vin/Iin our AC signal source can only see a resistance nothing more.
Because our Vin source apply voltage and supplies Iin current.
So our signal source see the BJT as a black box. So the only thing that our source is able to see is the load resistance .
 
likephysics said:
Why doesn't the direction of current really matter?

The input signal is AC, but for analysis purposes, we assume a direction for the input at one moment and then look at the directions of the currents in the circuit at that moment.

It is usual to take the input voltage and current as positive and then the other voltages and currents in the circuit depend on this.
 

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