Immuno-compromised individuals face significant risks, as even harmless bacteria can become life-threatening. Temporary immuno-compromise may allow for protective measures, such as living in a sterile environment, but this is not foolproof. Patients undergoing treatments for conditions like leukemia or myeloma often need to remain in sterile rooms to minimize exposure to infections. The discussion also touches on the role of NFKappaB, questioning whether it is a gene or a protein, although this point is less central to the main concerns about immunity and safety.