MHB Integration--Finding Principal Value

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I'm supposed to show that the P.V. of the integral from (-infinity to infinity) of Cosx/(x^2+9)dx is (pi/3e^2). I don't understand how to go about these kinds of problems. I know that I will have an ISP at -3i and 3i.
 
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clickbb08 said:
I'm supposed to show that the P.V. of the integral from (-infinity to infinity) of Cosx/(x^2+9)dx is (pi/3e^2). I don't understand how to go about these kinds of problems. I know that I will have an ISP at -3i and 3i.
First it should be
$$
\int_{-\infty}^{\infty}\frac{\cos x}{x^2 + 9}dx = \frac{\pi}{3e^3}
$$

Let $f(z) = \dfrac{e^{iz}}{(z-3i)(z+3i)}$

Then
$$
\int_{-\infty}^{\infty}\frac{\cos x}{x^2 + 9}dx = 2\pi i\sum_{\text{UHP}}\text{Res}_{z=z_j}f(z) + \pi i\sum_{\text{real axis}}\text{Res}_{z=z_j}f(z)
$$

UHP = upper half plane
 
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A sphere as topological manifold can be defined by gluing together the boundary of two disk. Basically one starts assigning each disk the subspace topology from ##\mathbb R^2## and then taking the quotient topology obtained by gluing their boundaries. Starting from the above definition of 2-sphere as topological manifold, shows that it is homeomorphic to the "embedded" sphere understood as subset of ##\mathbb R^3## in the subspace topology.
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