Is entanglement based on first principles?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the nature of quantum entanglement and its foundations, particularly in relation to the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) paradox and the interpretations of the wave function. Participants explore whether entanglement can be derived from first principles and examine the implications of various interpretations of quantum mechanics.

Discussion Character

  • Debate/contested
  • Technical explanation
  • Conceptual clarification

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants reference Bell's paper on the EPR paradox, questioning the interpretation of the wave function as not being the result of individual measurements, and seek clarification on this point.
  • There is a contention regarding whether Einstein envisioned a complete physical theory with hidden variables having dynamical significance, with some arguing that he did not.
  • One participant asserts that the wave function was specifically introduced to describe individual measurements, while others challenge this interpretation and emphasize the probabilistic nature of quantum states as per the Born rule.
  • Another participant suggests that if quantum mechanics (QM) is taken as first principles, then entanglement could be seen as a straightforward consequence of those principles, specifically through the superposition principle applied to compound systems.
  • Concerns are raised about the interpretation of measurement outcomes and the distinction between wave functions and measurement results, with calls for precision in language used in the discussion.
  • A later reply discusses the implications of entangled states and the experimental verification of their properties, mentioning the design of experiments that demonstrate the dependence of outcomes on widely separated particles, while noting that some claim the results are not conclusive.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the interpretation of the wave function, the implications of Einstein's views on hidden variables, and the foundational aspects of entanglement. There is no consensus on these topics, and multiple competing perspectives remain present in the discussion.

Contextual Notes

Participants highlight limitations in the interpretations of quantum mechanics, including the dependence on definitions and the unresolved nature of certain mathematical steps related to the discussion of entanglement and measurement outcomes.

  • #31
nortonian said:
They can be derived from each other only in the case of diagonal elements, the energy eigenstates.

The proof makes no use of a particular basis an operators matrix representation is diagonal in. Its simply got to do with operators have matrix representation ie given ANY basis |bi>, O = ∑∑ |bi><bi|O|bj><bj| = ∑∑ <bi|O|bj>|bi><bj|. <bi|O|bj> is the matrix representation of O. In matrix mechanics the state doesn't change - only the operator so the state isn't explicitly part of it. Thus there is a one to one correspondence between matrix and wave mechanics. To be explicit given any matrix in matrix mechanics we can find the corresponding operator in wave mechanics and conversely. That's all there is to it really.

Now to support your claim detail the exact error in what I wrote above. Not a reference, but the exact error.

Thanks
Bill
 
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  • #32
bhobba said:
[..]they are still just correlations. If you want it to be like red and green slips then you must have non local interactions. That's all there is to it.

But people for some reason make more out of it.
..
Thanks for the clarification; I did not see people make more out of it.
 
  • #33
bhobba said:
Wave mechanics can be used to calculate anything matrix mechanics can, and conversely.
So show how transition probabilities can be obtained from wave mechanics.
bhobba said:
Its a theorem and is 100% true. If you think otherwise please detail the error in the proof that has escaped notice by the countless number of people that have studied it. Not some vague references to this or that but the actual error.
By first principles I meant duplicating the results of the original experiments. Of course MM and WM are equivalent they are talking about the same thing, atomic structure, but no I am not capable of determining where the mathematics is incomplete.
bhobba said:
Now to support your claim detail the exact error in what I wrote above. Not a reference, but the exact error.
There is an obvious difference in what we interpret as "first principles".
.
 
  • #34
nortonian said:
So show how transition probabilities can be obtained from wave mechanics.
That's Fermies Golden Rule and it is standard textbook stuff:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermi's_golden_rule
nortonian said:
By first principles I meant duplicating the results of the original experiments.

What original experiments relating to entanglement are you taking about?

nortonian said:
Of course MM and WM are equivalent they are talking about the same thing, atomic structure, but no I am not capable of determining where the mathematics is incomplete. There is an obvious difference in what we interpret as "first principles".
.

Now you lost me. First you say they are not equivalent, then you say of course they are. And yes different equivalent formulations of a theory have different interpretations but that in no way changes their equivalence.

You say you are not capable of determining where the math is incomplete, yet want to overturn current orthodoxy. The first requirement for overturning accepted science is to understand it.

I suggest you learn some QM. Virtually any good book on QM will explain the equivalence between WM and MM.

Thanks
Bill
 
  • #35
Closed pending moderation

Edit: we will leave the thread closed, it seemed to be heading in a bad direction
 
Last edited:
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