We must act now on global warming
D/CE/7/2/4 (212/99) 22 December 1999
Sir/Madam
The release last week of data on global surface temperatures for the past
year by the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, The
Meteorological Office, and the World Meteorological Organisation, confirms
that our climate is now changing rapidly. These new observations, when
combined with our improving understanding of the climate system,
increasingly point to human influences as the cause of these climate
changes.
Temperature and other climatic indicators such as tree rings show that the
1990s have been the hottest decade of the last 1,000 years in the Northern
Hemisphere. The longest temperature record is from Central England, where
1999 is on course to be the warmest year since records began in 1659. For
the United States, 1999 will likely be the second warmest year on record
since 1880. Global land temperatures for 1999 appear to be the second
highest in history, while combined land and sea temperatures rank fifth.
The rapid rate of warming since 1976, approximately 0.2*C per decade, is
consistent with the projected rate of warming based on human-induced
effects. In fact, scientists now say that they cannot explain this unusual
warmth without including the effects of human-generated greenhouse gases and aerosols.
Articles in the US press imply that the global warming threat is being
oversold by citing particular examples of short-term natural changes. But
the overall pattern of recent short-term changes is in fact consistent with
scientists' projections of the impacts of global climate change. The
critical point is that we continue to see confirmation of the long-term
warming trend. Scientists on both sides of the Atlantic are carefully
looking at all of the evidence and using it to refine our understanding of
global climate.
The basic science of global warming has not changed since the topic was
raised earlier in this century. Furthermore, the consensus of opinion has
been growing, within both the scientific and the business communities. Our
new data and understanding now point to the critical situation we face: to
slow future change, we must start taking action soon. At the same time,
because of our past and ongoing activities, we must start to learn to live
with the likely consequences - more extreme weather, rising sea levels,
changing precipitation patterns, ecological and agricultural dislocations,
and the increased spread of human disease.
Our agencies are doing their part to provide the best possible data,
understanding, and forecasts for policy makers as they deal with these
difficult issues. Ignoring climate change will surely be the most costly of
all possible choices, for us and our children.
PETER D. EWINS
CEO
UK Meteorological Office
DR. JAMES BAKER
Under Secretary
US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration