Light: Transverse Waves or Photons?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion centers around the nature of light, specifically whether it behaves as a transverse wave or as particles known as photons. Participants explore the distinctions between different types of waves, including electromagnetic waves and mechanical waves, and their propagation through various media.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant questions how light can travel through gas and liquid if transverse waves cannot, suggesting that light may be composed of photons.
  • Another participant clarifies the distinction between mechanical waves, which require a medium, and electromagnetic waves, which do not, asserting that light is an electromagnetic wave.
  • A participant explains that transverse waves are characterized by polarization perpendicular to the direction of motion, specifically referring to the oscillations of electric and magnetic fields in electromagnetic waves.
  • One participant expresses a belief that light primarily exhibits properties of transverse waves, but acknowledges that there may be exceptions.
  • Another participant notes that while light is generally a transverse wave, there are exceptions such as certain surface wave modes and plasma modes that can be longitudinal.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants exhibit a mix of agreement and disagreement, with some supporting the idea that light is primarily a transverse wave while others acknowledge exceptions and the complexity of wave behavior in different contexts.

Contextual Notes

There are unresolved questions regarding the specific characteristics of transverse electromagnetic waves and the conditions under which different wave types propagate.

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I heard that transverse wave can not travel trough gas and liquid then how can light travel through all the way to earth?
Is it because the light is the collection of small energy particles called photon and not just behave as the normal waves?
 
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I believe that you are confused between different types of waves.

You must distinguish between the waves which travel through a medium as a disturbance, i.e. a physical distortion of the medium (typically gas, liquid or solid), and the electromagnetic waves which are a disturbance of the electromagnetic field.

Transverse waves of the former type (also called S-waves in seismology) cannot travel through a medium that has no rigidity. Light is not of this variety of wave; light is an electromagnetic wave. Perhaps someone with more knowledge in this area could elaborate on what exactly a transverse electromagnetic wave is -- I am unsure on this and am curious -- however, I would wager that if such a wave type exists that it would have no problem traveling through liquid or gas.
 
Transverse just means that the polarization of the wave lies in a plane perpendicular to the direction of motion. Longitudinal waves are polarized in the direction of motion. The polarization is the direction of the oscillations. In the case of an EM wave it is the electric and magnetic field oscillations. In the case of sound, the pressure wave oscillates in the direction of travel.
 
So it will be easy for me to think that the light has the property of transverse wave but not all of them right?
Thankyou guys!
 
Ummm... well...

Light is for the most part a transverse wave with a few exceptions. Certain surface wave modes, like the Zenneck surface wave, and plasma modes are longitudinal and I have heard that some cavity modes can be longitudinal.
 

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