Light travel at different speeds in different medium

AI Thread Summary
Light travels at different speeds in various media due to the interaction between photons and the atomic structure of the material, which affects how quickly light can propagate. The speed of light is influenced by the medium's density and its electromagnetic properties, which alter the effective mass and energy of the photons. Dispersion occurs because different frequencies of light interact differently with the medium, leading to variations in speed; this is linked to the medium's refractive index, which varies with frequency. The fundamental differences in properties, such as the arrangement of molecules and their polarizability, explain why glass and water affect light speed differently. Understanding these interactions provides insight into the underlying physics of light propagation in various materials.
hbal9604@usyd
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hey, I was just wondering if someone could give me an explanation about the following:

1. why, physically, does light travel at different speeds in different medium

2. why is the speed at which it travels through different media dependent of frequency, as is the case with dispersion.

please don't explain snell's law. I know the equations. But the index of refraction is just a piece of algebraic information all bundled up in a package that you substitute in.

I'm also aware of Hugens's Principle which explains how refraction works due to the changed velocity due to the medium in question.

What I'm after is a more fundamental explanation, eg, relating to the inherent properties of glass vs water etc,

Thanks a lot!
 
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You may want to start by reading an entry in the FAQ thread in the General Physics forum. The discussion on photon transport in a medium might be relevant.

Zz.
 
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