Maximizing Mass Motion with Minimal Hand Movement

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on maximizing the oscillation of a 3 kg mass attached to a vertical spring with a spring constant of 94 N/m and a damping constant of 0.6 N sec/m. The optimal frequency for the student to move her hand to achieve maximum motion with minimal hand movement is approximately 0.890886 Hz, calculated using the formula 2π√(mass/spring constant). Additionally, the discussion raises a question about determining the time it takes for the amplitude of the mass to reduce to half its maximum amplitude after the hand movement stops, indicating the need for the equation of motion for damped oscillations.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of harmonic motion and oscillation principles
  • Knowledge of spring constants and damping in mechanical systems
  • Familiarity with the formula for frequency in oscillatory motion
  • Basic skills in solving differential equations related to motion
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the equation of motion for damped harmonic oscillators
  • Learn how to derive the time constant for exponential decay in oscillations
  • Explore the impact of damping on oscillation frequency and amplitude
  • Investigate practical applications of oscillatory motion in engineering
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Students studying physics, particularly those focusing on mechanics and oscillatory motion, as well as educators looking for practical examples of spring dynamics and damping effects.

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A student gets a 3 kg mass to oscillate up and down on bottom of a light vertical spring by pulling her hand up and down on the top end of the spring. The spring is a real spring with a spring constant of 94 N/m and a damping constant of 0.6 N sec/m.

(a) At what approximate frequency should the student move her hand up and down to get the maximum motion from the mass with the minimum motion of her hand?

The frequency I got was 0.890886 and its correct. I did 2pi times (sq.rt 3/94) and got 1.12247. To get frequency, I did 1/1.12247 and got 0.890886 seconds.

(b) The student now stops moving her hand and the mass slowly comes to rest. How long after she stop shaking her hand will it take for the amplitude of the mass to reach one half its maximum amplitude?

I don't know how to start this.
 
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Do you know the equation of motion for the mass? If not, I'm pretty sure your physics textbook solves for it somewhere, so try looking for that.
 
The book claims the answer is that all the magnitudes are the same because "the gravitational force on the penguin is the same". I'm having trouble understanding this. I thought the buoyant force was equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Weight depends on mass which depends on density. Therefore, due to the differing densities the buoyant force will be different in each case? Is this incorrect?

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