Muons & Relativity Homework

In summary, the conversation discusses the lifetime of a muon and its decay into other particles. It also explores the effects of relativity and how it affects the distance traveled and time elapsed for a muon moving at 0.99c. Through calculations, it is determined that a muon moving at this speed would travel 653.4 meters before decaying, and would last for 0.000015602 seconds according to an observer on Earth. When viewed at 0.99c, the muon would actually travel 463.32 meters. This evidence supports the theory of relativity, as it shows how the perception of time and distance can differ based on the observer's frame of reference.
  • #1
EgpYo
25
0

Homework Statement


A muon has a lifetime of 2.0x10^-6 seconds when at rest, after which time it decays into other particles
a) Ignore any effects of relativity discussed in this section. If the muon was moving at 0.99c, how far would it travel before decaying into other particles, according to Newtonian mechanics?
b) How long would the muon last, according to an observer in Earth's frame of reference?
c)How far would the muon actually travel, when viewed moving at 0.99c?
d) Compare the two distances travelled. Explain why this type of evidence is excellent support for the theory of relativity.

Homework Equations



tm = ts/ sqrt(1-v^2/c^2)

The Attempt at a Solution



a) (0.99)(3x10^8) = v
v = 2.97x10^8

v=dt
d = (2.97x10^8)(2.2x19^-6)
d = 653.4 m

b) tm = ts/ (1-v^2/c^2)
tm = 2.2x10^-6/0.141
tm = 0.000015602 s

c) d = vt
= (2.97x19^-6)(1.56x10^-6)
= 463.32 m

d) ?
 
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  • #2
What are you calculating in (b) ? The expression is not your relevant formula and the calculation is way off !
Fix that and then c and d will be a lot more doable.
 
  • #3
EgpYo said:
b) tm = ts/ (1-v^2/c^2)
tm = 2.2x10^-6/0.141
tm = 0.000015602 s

Ok, couple typos there. You forgot the square-root sign. And it might be helpful if you converted your tm into scientific notation.

EgpYo said:
c) d = vt
= (2.97x19^-6)(1.56x10^-6)
= 463.32 m

The (2.97x19^-6) looks like you intended to write (2.97x10^8) but your fingers got away from you.
Check the (1.56x10^-6) .
 

1. What are muons and how are they related to relativity?

Muons are subatomic particles that are similar to electrons, but with a larger mass. They are created when cosmic rays from outer space collide with particles in the Earth's atmosphere. Muons are related to relativity because they have a very short lifespan (2.2 microseconds) due to their high speed, which is a result of Einstein's theory of relativity.

2. How does time dilation affect the lifespan of muons?

Time dilation is a phenomenon predicted by Einstein's theory of relativity, which states that time moves slower for objects that are moving at high speeds. Since muons have a high velocity, time passes slower for them compared to stationary objects on Earth. This time dilation allows muons to travel longer distances and have a longer lifespan than they would if they were stationary.

3. What is the significance of studying muons in relation to relativity?

Studying muons is important for understanding the concepts of time dilation and relativity. It also allows scientists to test and validate Einstein's theories. Additionally, muons have practical applications in fields such as particle physics and medical imaging.

4. How do scientists measure the lifespan of muons?

Scientists use particle detectors to measure the lifespan of muons. These detectors are able to detect the presence of muons and measure their decay rate. By analyzing the data collected from these detectors, scientists can determine the average lifespan of muons.

5. What other particles are affected by relativity, and how?

Other particles that are affected by relativity include electrons, protons, and photons. Similar to muons, these particles experience time dilation at high speeds. In addition, the energy and momentum of these particles also follow the principles of relativity, resulting in changes to their mass and velocity.

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