Gravity anomalies refer to deviations from expected gravitational acceleration based on simplified models of Earth's gravity. They occur when there are variations in subsurface material density, such as denser materials like iron or less dense materials like salt. To create a gravity anomaly, one could excavate a large hole and fill it with either iron or salt, altering the local gravitational field. This phenomenon highlights the limitations of basic gravitational models, which do not account for these density variations. Understanding gravity anomalies is essential for geophysical studies and resource exploration.